TABLE 2.
Clinical utility of miRNAs as biomarkers
| miRNA | Sample type | Methodology | Number of samples | Clinical observation | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnostic biomarker | |||||
| miR‐21 | Blood (exosome) | Microarray | EOC (n = 106) vs healthy (n = 29) | AUC: 0.740, SN: 61%, SP: 82% | 17 |
| miR‐100 | Blood (exosome) | Microarray | EOC (n = 106) vs healthy (n = 29) | AUC: 0.710, SN: 62%, SP: 73% | 17 |
| miR‐200a | Serum | qRT‐PCR | EOC (n = 28) vs healthy (n = 28) | AUC: 0.675, SN: 85.7%, SP: 35.7% | 35 |
| miR‐200b | Blood (exosome) | Microarray | EOC (n = 106) vs healthy (n = 29) | AUC: 0.868, SN: 64%, SP: 86% | 17 |
| miR‐200b | Serum | qRT‐PCR | EOC (n = 28) vs healthy (n = 28) | AUC: 0.722, SN: 85.7%, SP: 35.7% | 35 |
| miR‐200c | Serum | qRT‐PCR | EOC (n = 28) vs healthy (n = 28) | AUC: 0.727, SN: 71.4%, SP: 57.1% | 35 |
| miR‐320 | Blood (exosome) | Microarray | EOC (n = 106) vs healthy (n = 29) | AUC: 0.658, SN: 56%, SP: 69% | 17 |
| miR‐200b and ‐200c | Serum | qRT‐PCR | EOC (n = 28) vs healthy (n = 28) | AUC: 0.784, SN: 78.6%, SP: 46.4% | 35 |
| miR‐21, ‐362‐5p, and ‐1274a | Plasma | qRT‐PCR | EAOC (n = 14) vs endometriosis (n = 33) | AUC: 0.92, SN: 57%, SP: 91% | 38 |
| A combination of 10 miRNAs a | Serum | Microarray | EOC (n = 333) vs non‐EOC (n = 3713) | AUC: 1.000, SN: 99%, SP: 100% | 37 |
| Prognostic biomarker | |||||
| miR‐200 family | Mixed | Meta‐analysis | Tissue (n = 1353), blood (n = 1269), ascites (n = 22) | HR: 1.207 (1.040‐1.400), P = .013 | 16 |
| miR‐141 | Mixed | Meta‐analysis | Tissue (n = 124), blood (n = 300) | HR: 1.121 (0.960‐1.311), P = .150 | 16 |
| miR‐200a | Mixed | Meta‐analysis | Tissue (n = 456), blood (n = 163) | HR: 1.279 (0.522‐3.132), P = .590 | 16 |
| miR‐200b | Mixed | Meta‐analysis | Tissue (n = 261), blood (n = 370), ascites (n = 22) | HR: 2.306 (1.305‐4.079), P = .004 | 16 |
| miR‐200c | Mixed | Meta‐analysis | Tissue (n = 144), blood (n = 180) | HR: 1.011 (0.512‐1.995), P = .974 | 16 |
| miR‐429 | Mixed | Meta‐analysis | Tissue (n = 368), blood (n = 257) | HR: 1.142 (0.423‐3.085), P = .793 | 16 |
| miR‐181a | FFPE tissue | qRT‐PCR | n = 52 | High expression of miR‐181a is associated with poor PFS and OS | 18 |
| miR‐223 | Tissue | qRT‐PCR | n = 62 | High expression of miR‐223 is associated with poor PFS | 50 |
| miR‐506 | Tissue | TCGA | n = 468 | Low expression of miR‐506 is associated with poor OS | 43 |
| miR‐509‐3p | Tissue | TCGA | n = 477 | Low expression of miR‐509‐3p is associated with poor OS | 44 |
| The chrXq27.3 cluster b | FFPE tissue | Microarray | n = 85 | Low expression of the miRNAs is associated with early relapse | 24 |
| miR‐551b‐3p | FFPE tissue | ISH | n = 145 | High expression of miR‐551b‐3p is associated with poor OS | 19 |
| miR‐622 | Tissue | TCGA | n = 89 | High expression of miR‐662 is associated with poor DFS and OS in tumors with BRCAness | 62 |
Abbreviations: AUC, area under curve; DFS, disease‐free survival; EAOC, endometriosis‐associated ovarian cancer; EOC, epithelial ovarian cancer; FFPE, formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded; HR, hazard ratio; ISH, in situ hybridization; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression‐free survival; qRT‐PCR, quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction; Ref, reference; SN, sensitivity; SP, specificity; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas.
a
miR‐320a, ‐665, ‐1275, ‐3184‐5p, ‐3185, ‐3195, ‐4459, 4640‐5p, ‐6076, and ‐6717‐5p.
b
miR‐506, ‐507 ‐508‐3p, ‐509‐3p, ‐509‐5p, ‐513a‐5p, ‐513b, and ‐514.