TABLE 4.

Comparing the unit costs for screening, precancer treatment, managing localized, and advanced cancer

Cancer type screened	No. Screened (a)	Average unit cost of screening per client US$ (b)	Average direct screening total cost incurred US$ (c)	No. of precancers/screen positives (d)	Average unit cost of treating precancerUS$ (e)	Cost incurred in treating precancers US$ (f)	Total cost of screening US$ (g) = c + f	Suspicious cancer lesions (i)	Est.Min. No. that would be detected with cancer(j) d + i	Early stage cancer = 20% of j	Late stage cancer = 80% of j	Est.Unit cost for localized cancer mgt	The would be cost incurred in managing localized cancer US$	Est. Unit cost for managing advanced cancer (Regional or distant) US$ (k)	The would be cost incurred in managing regional & distant cancer US$ (l)	The would‐be total cost of managing cancer disease
Cervical	36 329	6.12 a	2 223 334	1928	27.96 a	53 907	2 277 241	3386	5314	1063	4251	18 000 b	19 134 000	36 751.07 b	156 228 799	175 362 799
Breast	34 193	42 a	1 436 106	1513	3000 a	4 539 000	5 975 106	1261	2774	555	2219	29 724 b	16 496 820	62 108 b	137 817 652	154 314 472
Prostate	12 665	30 a	379 950	953	4286	4 084 558	4 464 508	1014	1967	393	1574	6369 b	2 503 017	18 000 b	28 332 000	30 835 017
Total	83 187		4 039 390	4394		8 677 465	12 716 855	5661	10 055	2011	8044		38 133 837		322 378 451	360 512 288

^aThe average unit cost for Cancer screening were based on; cervical screening, Quentin et al, ⁹ Cervical precancer treatment, Quentin et al, ⁹ breast screening, Gross et al ¹⁰ while Prostate screening was based on average market cost.

^bThe average unit cost for managing early stage and late stage cancer were based on; Cervical, Ostensson et al, ⁷ Breast, Sun et al ¹¹ and Prostate cancer; localized prostate cancer, Fourcade et al; ¹² regional prostate cancer, De Oliveira et al. ¹³ , ¹⁴