Table 4.

List of our previously identified candidate blood transcriptome biomarkers of AD (C12, control mice at 12 w.o.a.; C52, control mice at 52 w.o.a.; AD12, AD mice at 12 w.o.a.; AD52, AD mice at 52 w.o.a.; bld, blood; hip, hippocampus; FC, fold change; w.o.a., weeks of age). The significantly altered genes (two-way ANOVA: P < 0.1, fold change ≥ 1.5 or ≤ − 1.5, Tukey’s HSD: P < 0.05) are indicated in italics

Gene symbol	p (Mouse-Age)	p (Mouse)	p (Age)	C12 bld vs. C52 bld		C12 bld vs. AD12 bld		C12 bld vs. AD52 bld		C52 bld vs. AD12 bld		C52 bld vs. AD52 bld		AD12 bld vs. AD52 bld
				p	FC	p	FC	p	FC	p	FC	p	FC	p	FC
Ghrl	0.0113	0.1613	0.7192	0.1556	1.3857	0.8054	1.1445	0.8714	− 1.1209	0.5865	− 1.2108	0.0317	− 1.5533	0.3633	− 1.2829
Ghsr					1.1210		1.0934		1.0484		− 1.0252		− 1.0693		− 1.0430
Mboat4					− 1.1921		1.0079		1.3297		1.2015		1.5851		1.3193
Trem1	0.5174	0.8484	0.2043	0.5204	1.6086	0.9877	1.1191	0.8618	1.3087	0.7189	− 1.4374	0.9313	− 1.2291	0.9681	1.1695
Trem2	0.0463	0.0952	0.4028	0.1860	1.5407	0.9942	1.0543	0.9248	− 1.1379	0.2848	− 1.4614	0.0541	− 1.7532	0.8183	− 1.1996
Mef2c					− 1.4080		1.2968		− 1.5502		1.8259		− 1.1010		− 2.0103
Tomm40	0.6994	0.3807	0.0262	0.2368	− 1.4794	0.8020	− 1.2012	0.1249	− 1.5893	0.7338	1.2317	0.9845	− 1.0743	0.5198	− 1.3231
Pink1	0.8599	0.0000	0.0065	0.1467	1.3464	0.0014	1.7626	0.0002	2.2938	0.2134	1.3091	0.0027	1.7037	0.2298	1.3014
Apoe	0.0006	0.0000	0.0559	0.0017	2.4561	0.0468	− 1.8234	0.0020	− 2.4246	0.0002	− 4.4786	0.0002	− 5.9553	0.5646	− 1.3297
Inpp5d	0.0945	0.2560	0.6740	0.7928	1.1030	0.9774	1.0438	0.6803	− 1.1264	0.9538	− 1.0567	0.1966	− 1.2425	0.4370	− 1.1758
Snca	0.0664	0.0000	0.1774	0.1155	1.6118	0.0002	2.9087	0.0004	2.6949	0.0358	1.8047	0.0805	1.6720	0.9821	− 1.0793
Abca7	0.6452	0.1091	0.9318	0.9795	1.0718	0.4514	1.3053	0.6129	1.2446	0.6871	1.2179	0.8345	1.1612	0.9932	− 1.0488
Slc6a4					− 1.3188		− 1.0864		1.5138		1.2139		1.9963		1.6445
Gene symbol	p (Mouse-Age)	p (Mouse)	p (Age)	C12 Hip vs. C52 Hip		C12 Hip vs. AD12 Hip		C12 Hip vs. AD52 Hip		C52 Hip vs. AD12 Hip		C52 Hip vs. AD52 Hip		AD12 Hip vs. AD52 Hip
				p	FC	p	FC	p	FC	p	FC	p	FC	p	FC
Ghrl	0.4572	0.2064	0.7307	0.8634	− 1.0492	0.4815	− 1.0934	0.6561	− 1.0742	0.9080	− 1.0421	0.9808	− 1.0238	0.9916	1.0179
Ghsr	0.5031	0.3105	0.6870	0.8684	1.1799	0.9944	− 1.0555	0.9706	− 1.1001	0.7403	− 1.2454	0.6258	− 1.2980	0.9975	− 1.0422
Mboat4					− 1.0737		− 2.0604		− 2.0574		− 1.9189		− 1.9161		1.0015
Trem1	0.0250	0.0003	0.0616	0.0241	1.1178	0.6222	− 1.0454	0.4432	− 1.0568	0.0012	− 1.1684	0.0006	− 1.1812	0.9907	− 1.0109
Trem2	0.0129	0.0000	0.0000	0.2474	1.1068	0.4250	1.0856	0.0002	1.4672	0.9834	− 1.0195	0.0002	1.3256	0.0002	1.3514
Mef2c	0.0833	0.6316	0.0440	0.0468	1.5712	0.3882	1.3020	0.2791	1.3501	0.6633	− 1.2068	0.7908	− 1.1638	0.9961	1.0369
Tomm40	0.0002	0.0000	0.0028	0.8890	1.0126	0.3673	− 1.0293	0.0002	− 1.1302	0.1065	− 1.0423	0.0002	− 1.1445	0.0002	− 1.0980
Pink1	0.5597	0.0254	0.0231	0.1728	1.0658	0.5997	− 1.0385	1.0000	1.0009	0.0113	− 1.1068	0.1820	− 1.0649	0.5819	1.0394
Apoe	0.0005	0.0006	0.0262	0.6810	− 1.0345	1.0000	− 1.0012	0.0009	1.1425	0.7046	1.0332	0.0002	1.1818	0.0008	1.1438
Inpp5d	0.6691	0.0000	0.1260	0.4975	1.0662	0.0047	1.1832	0.0007	1.2272	0.1209	1.1097	0.0208	1.1510	0.8493	1.0372
Snca					1.2665		1.8059		1.5751		1.4259		1.2437		− 1.1465
Abca7	0.3479	0.0374	0.6671	0.9827	− 1.0371	0.8200	1.0900	0.2710	1.2013	0.6086	1.1304	0.1424	1.2458	0.7605	1.1021
Slc6a4					1.6336		1.5084		1.9392		− 1.0830		1.1871		1.2856