. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2020 Apr 4;162(5):1516–1528.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.02.137

Table 5.

Univariable and Multivariable Predictors of First ATAs Recurrence up to 5 Years After CMP-IV (Fine-Gray Regression)

Variable	Univariable Analysis		Multivariable Analysis
	P-Value	Subdistribution Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P-Value	Subdistribution Hazard Ratio (95% CI)
Age (years)	<0.001	1.03 (1.02, 1.05)	0.021	1.03 (1.00, 1.05)
Gender	0.520	1.12 (0.79, 1.59)	0.550	1.15 (0.73, 1.80)
Race (Caucasian)	0.310	1.66 (0.62, 4.43)	0.600	1.32 (0.47, 3.69)
BMI (kg/m2)	0.220	0.98 (0.96, 1.01)	0.360	0.98 (0.95, 1.02)
Diabetes	0.400	1.21 (0.78, 1.87)	0.430	1.24 (0.73, 2.08)
Dyslipidemia	0.450	0.87 (0.62, 1.24)	0.059	0.68 (0.45, 1.02)
Hypertension	0.370	1.19 (0.81, 1.77)	1.000	1.00 (0.65, 1.54)
Peripheral Vascular Disease	<0.001	2.57 (1.67, 3.96)	0.005	2.03 (1.24, 3.31)
Stroke	0.750	0.90 (0.48, 1.69)	0.510	0.79 (0.39, 1.59)
Myocardial Infarction	0.500	1.22 (0.69, 2.16)	0.480	1.26 (0.67, 2.37)
NYHA (Class III or IV)	0.069	1.39 (0.97, 1.99)	0.770	1.06 (0.71, 1.60)
LVEF (%)	0.160	0.99 (0.98, 1.00)	0.210	0.99 (0.98, 1.01)
Chronic Lung Disease (Moderate+Severe)	0.180	0.52 (0.19, 1.37)	0.056	0.37 (0.13, 1.02)
Smoker	0.100	1.34 (0.94, 1.91)	0.081	1.42 (0.96, 2.10)
Renal Failure	0.950	0.97 (0.37, 2.56)	0.780	0.83 (0.23, 3.03)
Renal Failure requiring Dialysis	0.790	1.35 (0.15, 11.9)	0.370	3.07 (0.27, 35.62)
Non-Paroxysmal AF	<0.001	2.11 (1.42, 3.15)	0.005	1.84 (1.20, 2.82)
Length of Time in AF (months)	0.008	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.026	1.00 (1.00, 1.01)
LA Size (cm)	<0.001	1.34 (1.15, 1.55)	0.005	1.28 (1.08, 1.53)
Pre-operative Pacemaker	0.210	1.37 (0.84, 2.26)	0.850	0.95 (0.54, 1.65)
Perfusion Time (minutes)	0.910	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.440	1.00 (0.99, 1.00)
Sternotomy	0.034	1.58 (1.04, 2.42)	0.460	1.22 (0.72, 2.08)
Bilateral Maze	0.590	1.21 (0.60, 2.45)	0.990	1.00 (0.50, 1.97)
Procedure
Reference: Lone Maze	_-	_-	_-	_-
CABG	0.940	1.03 (0.50, 2.13)	0.660	0.82 (0.33, 2.00)
CABG+Valve	0.160	1.55 (0.84, 2.86)	0.910	0.95 (0.34, 2.62)
Valve	0.089	1.43 (0.95, 2.15)	0.620	1.17 (0.63, 2.19)
Post-operative Pacemaker	0.690	1.11 (0.67, 1.83)	0.960	1.01 (0.58, 1.77)
Absence of sinus rhythm at discharge	<0.001	2.73 (1.80, 4.15)	0.011	1.84 (1.15, 2.95)

LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA = New York Heart Association; CABG = coronary artery bypass graft