Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
The UPR. Schematic depicting signaling through the three ER transmembrane proteins—PERK, ATF6 and IRE—during ER stress. BiP dissociation results in activation of all three membrane proteins. PERK attenuates protein synthesis through phosphorylation of eIF2α. IRE1 and ATF6 proteins activate specialized transcriptional programs to help alleviate ER stress. IRE1 phosphorylation results in unconventional splicing of XBP1 mRNA, which promotes transcription of stress-induced genes.
