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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2020 Apr 6;34(6):655–664. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12650

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Comparison of analyses including simulated stillborn and terminated controls (open diamonds) on results of the analysis of selection bias for risk factor studies of birth defects. The reference line indicates the null value. OR is the crude exposure odds ratio for stillbirth and terminations among simulated controls. All survival outcomes for cases and live born controls only (filled diamond) shows the result that would have been obtained if only live born infants were included as controls, as in the main analysis. Full methods and results of can be found in the Supplemental eMaterials.