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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 5.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Biol. 2020 Aug 6;30(19):3724–3735.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.039

Figure 7. ACC neurons responsive to either shock or reward during the outcome epoch.

Figure 7.

Normalized mean firing rate of a population of neurons selective to shock (I-P; n = 12(9%) or reward (A-H; n = 22(16%)) trial-types during the outcome epoch (5s), across each reinforcement block type for reward (blue), shock (red) and neutral (orange) trials. Averaged over blocks where the recording rat was reinforced (i.e., R/R and R/N), these neurons showed significantly stronger firing (Wilcoxon; p < 0.05) for either reward-self or shock-self over neutral-self but not for both. Each row shows neural firing for self-and other-outcome trials (as indicated by column) for each block (Dotted line boxes indicate whether self or other trials were reinforced for that block). c = cue; dOn = directional light on; o = outcome; o = omitted outcome (i.e., non-reinforced); dOff = directional light off.