Table 3.
Overdose mortality rates (deaths per 100,000 person-years) among cohort members (N=140,266) followed through 2012 and comparisons in overdose mortality rates by pre-sentence opioid use, drug conviction, and setting.
| Overdose Deaths No. (%) | Crude Overdose Mortality Rate (95% CI) | IRR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Full cohort | 1131 | 102.8 (97.0–109.0) | |
| Setting | |||
| In the community not on probation/parole | 653 (57.7) | 121.7 (112.7–131.4) | (Reference) |
| In prison | <10a | - | - |
| On parole | 145 (12.8) | 199.9 (169.9–235.2) | 1.64 (1.36–1.97) |
| On probation | 326 (28.8) | 98.9 (88.7–110.2) | 0.81 (0.71–0.93) |
| Opioid use | |||
| Never | 688 (60.8) | 70.4 (65.3–75.8) | (Reference) |
| Occasional | 76 (6.7) | 268.4 (214.3–336.0) | 3.81 (2.97–4.84) |
| Weekly | 64 (5.7) | 307.4 (240.6–392.8) | 4.37 (3.33–5.65) |
| Daily | 303 (26.8) | 414.2 (370.1–463.5) | 5.89 (5.13–6.75) |
| Drug convictionb | |||
| None | 732 (64.7) | 92.5 (86.0–99.4) | (Reference) |
| Drug possession | 257 (22.7) | 171.8 (152.1–194.2) | 1.86 (1.61–2.15) |
| Drug delivery | 142 (12.6) | 89.4 (75.8–105.4) | 0.97 (0.80–1.16) |
| Initial sentencec | |||
| Jail only | 129 (11.4) | 153.7 (129.4–182.7) | (Reference) |
| Jail with probation | 475 (42.0) | 112.0 (102.4–122.6) | 0.73 (0.60–0.89) |
| Prison | 150 (13.3) | 76.6 (65.3–90.0) | 0.50 (0.39–0.64) |
| Probation | 374 (33.1) | 95.5 (86.3–105.7) | 0.62 (0.51–0.76) |
IRR=incidence rate ratio
a
Suppressed due to low counts cell (<10)
b
If both a drug possession and drug delivery conviction, classified as drug possession
c
Other sentences suppressed due to low counts cell (<10)