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Means of cytoplasmic displacement divided into two main methods: cellular membrane fusion (Fusion) or a direct injection into cytoplasm (Injection). These are administered in each developmental stage of oocytes. In the upper boxes, previously reported methods have been indicated by ultramarine colored letters, new methods have been indicated by white, and the present study has been indicated by red. GV, germinal vesicle; AC, aggregated chromosome; MII, metaphase II; PN, pronuclear
