Fig. 4.

Deficiency of cell wall integrity in ΔCgcrzA mutant. (A) Colonies of the wild-type (WT), ΔCgcrzA mutant and complemented strains were cultured on complete medium (CM) medium supplemented with different cell wall antagonists for 5 days. CFW, Calcofluor white; CR, Congo red; SDS, sodium dodecylsulfate. (B) Colony growth inhibition rate of the indicated strains exposed to various stresses. (C) Mycelial chitin content of the WT, ΔCgcrzA mutant and complemented strains. (D) Protoplast release after treatment with cell wall-degrading enzymes for 60 min at 30oC. Scale bar = 10 μm. (E) Protoplast numbers at different time points following treatment by cell wall-degrading enzymes. Asterisks indicate significant difference at P < 0.01. (F) Transcription analysis of seven chitin synthase genes in the wild type and ΔCgcrzA mutant using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Error bars represent the SD and asterisks indicate significant difference at **P < 0.01.