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. 2020 Jun 29;237(5):941–959. doi: 10.1111/joa.13261

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

The experimental and simulation procedures, where isokinetic trials on an isokinetic dynamometer through ankle plantarflexion–dorsiflexion (a), knee extension–flexion (b) and hip extension–flexion (c) are replicated using subject‐specific musculoskeletal models within OpenSim to estimate the abilities of the musculotendon units to produce the desired motion. The green arrows represent the external forces applied to each model through each motion, which are derived from the experimentally derived muscle torques measured from the isokinetic dynamometer