Table 1.
Pathological changes in the blood (PCB) analyzed in THS rat model.
| Pathophysiological event | Pathological changes in the blood | THS (n = 8) | sham (n = 4) | Fold change | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart injury | Cardiac troponin I (ng/mL) | 1.150 | 0.033 | 34.6 | 0.1327 |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 37499 | 898 | 41.8 | 0.0661 | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 6766 | 383 | 17.7 | 0.0160 | |
| Scoring (cTnI + CK + LDH) % | 300 | 10.94 | 27.4 | 0.0063 | |
| Liver injury | Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 688 | 153 | 4.5 | 0.0082 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 3279 | 692 | 4.7 | 0.0006 | |
| Scoring (ALT + AST) % | 200 | 43.25 | 4.6 | 0.0005 | |
| Kidney injury | Urea (μmol/L) | 99 | 42 | 2.3 | 0.0592 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 58.38 | 34.48 | 1.7 | 0.1512 | |
| Scoring (urea + creatinine) % | 200 | 101.95 | 2.0 | 0.0859 | |
| Cellular response | White blood cells (K/μl) | 9.82 | 14.85 | 0.7 | 0.0273 |
| Neutrophils (K/μl) | 4.36 | 3.05 | 1.4 | 0.0847 | |
| Lymphocytes (K/μl) | 5.25 | 11.11 | 0.5 | 0.0390 | |
| Monocytes (K/μl) | 0.08 | 0.21 | 0.4 | 0.0584 | |
| Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) | 1.07 | 0.32 | 3.3 | 0.0203 | |
| Scoring (WBC + NLR) % | 200 | 79.17 | 2.5 | 0.0115 | |
| Tissue hypoxia | Lactate (mg/dL) | 34.63 | 4.50 | 7.7 | <0.00001 |
| Base excess (mmol/L) | −10.20 | −1.03 | 10.0 | <0.00001 | |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 16.54 | 22.93 | 0.7 | <0.00001 | |
| Scoring (lactate + base excess) % | 200 | 23.05 | 8.7 | <0.00001 |
Clinical parameters of animals subjected to THS and sham animals (control group) were collected 24 h upon THS. Biochemical blood parameters as lactate, base excess, and bicarbonate () were determined at the end of shock. The mean values of THS and sham group, fold changes, and p value are displayed. Scorings (bold values) are described in the methods section. Statistical analysis was performed using Welch's t-test.