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. 2020 Oct 6;11(5):e02343-20. doi: 10.1128/mBio.02343-20

FIG 1.

FIG 1

The genomic environment of selected Zymoseptoria tritici effector genes is repressive for expression. (A) Effector genes are induced during host colonization. Data represent expression values of Zt09_7_00577 and of the effector genes AvrStb6, Avr3D1, QTL7_5, and Mycgr3G76589 during host colonization. Reads per kilobase per million (RPKM) values were obtained from Palma-Guerrero et al. (48) and Francisco et al. (67). (B) The effector genes AvrStb6, Avr3D1, QTL7_5, and Mycgr3G76589 reside in transposable element (TE)-rich regions of the genome of strain 3D7. Colored arrows represent genes from their start to their stop codons, and gray blocks represent TEs. Gene and TE annotations are based on work reported previously by Plissonneau et al. (81). TEs were classified according to Wicker et al. (93) as follows: the first letter indicates the class (R = RNA class; D = DNA class); the second letter indicates the order (L = LTR; I = Line; T = TIR; Y = Crypton); and the third letter indicates the superfamily (C = Copia; G = Gypsy; L = L1; I = I; H = PIF-Harbinger; M = Mutator; X = unknown; NoCat = no category). chr.= chromosome. (C) Hygromycin B sensitivity assay with 3D7-derived transformants carrying the hygromycin B resistance gene Hph under the control of a constitutive promoter in locus AvrStb6, Avr3D1, or QTL7_5 (in locus) or at random positions of the genome (ectopic). Zt09_7 _00577 is a noneffector control locus located ∼70 kb upstream of Avr3D1. For both in locus and ectopic transformants, two independent lines are shown. Pictures were taken after 6 days of growth at 18°C on YMS agar. The white bar represents 10 mm. Hyg = hygromycin B. (D) Relative expression levels of the effector gene Mycgr3G76589 inserted ectopically compared to the endogenous gene (in locus) in strain 3D7 under axenic conditions (YPD liquid medium). Actin was used as a reference gene. nin_locus = 3, nectopic = 6. Bars represent the means, and error bars represent standard errors of the means. Asterisks represent statistical differences (P < 0.05, Student's t test).