. 2020 Oct 6;20:1504. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09537-0

Table 2.

Contributing factors of inequality in short birth interval in Ethiopia, EDHS 2016

Variables	Coefficient	Elasticity	Concentration index	Standard error^ϯ	Absolute contribution	Percentage contribution (%)
Maternal age at first marriage (ref: 30+ years)
≤ 19	0.0873	0.1560	− 0.0021	0.0649	− 0.0003
20–24	0.1581^**	0.0495	0.0106	0.0678	0.0005
25–29	0.2047^*	0.0141	− 0.0261	0.0737	− 0.0004
Subtotal					−0.0002	0.4
Maternal age at birth of the preceding child (ref: 35+ years)
≤ 19	0.0283	0.0095	− 0.0439	0.0316	− 0.0001
20–24	0.0422	0.0295	− 0.0086	0.0224	− 0.0002
25–29	0.0130	0.0077	0.0122	0.0203	0.0001
30–34	−0.0175	− 0.0064	0.0227	0.0224	−0.0001
Subtotal					−0.0003	0.6
Maternal educational level (ref: No education)
Primary	0.0149	0.0072	0.1359	0.0154	0.0006
Secondary	0.0394	0.0023	0.3326	0.0260	0.0008
Higher	0.1580^*	0.0049	0.3621	0.0412	0.0018
Subtotal					0.0032	−6.7
Maternal occupation (ref: Working)
Not working	0.0333^*	0.0531	−0.0226	0.0119	−0.0012
Subtotal					−0.0012	2.5
Wealth quintiles (ref: Richest)
Poorest	0.1201^*	0.0622	−0.7369	0.0183	−0.0258
Poorer	0.0920^*	0.0457	−0.3107	0.0198	−0.0202
Middle	0.0799^*	0.0342	0.1108	0.0193	0.0038
Richer	0.0477^**	0.0190	0.4982	0.0222	0.0067
Subtotal					−0.0355	74.2
Place of residence (ref: Rural)
Urban	−0.1402^*	−0.0273	− 0.3215	0.0180	0.0089
Subtotal					0.0089	−18.6
Regions (ref: Dire Dawa)
Tigray	−0.2007^*	− 0.0264	−0.1049	0.0314	0.0028
Afar	0.0543	0.0012	−0.8091	0.0313	−0.0009
Amhara	−0.2596^**	− 0.1065	−0.0091	0.0313	0.0009
Oromia	−0.0361	−0.0354	0.0679	0.0239	−0.0024
Somali	0.1496^*	0.0161	−0.6359	0.0272	− 0.0102
Benishangul-Gumuz	−0.0539	−0.0013	− 0.1488	0.0299	0.0002
SNNPR^a	−0.0900^*	−0.0415	0.0669	0.0261	−0.0018
Gambella	−0.1669^*	−0.0008	− 0.4752	0.0313	0.0004
Harari	−0.0099	−0.0001	0.0685	0.0295	−0.0001
Addis Ababa	−0.1029^*	−0.0034	0.4347	0.0367	−0.0015
Subtotal					−0.0126	26.4
Total number of children born before the index child (reference: 5+)
≤ 2	−0.0965^*	− 0.0651	0.0289	0.0192	−0.0019
3–4	−0.0606^*	−0.0402	− 0.0315	0.0146	0.0013
Subtotal					−0.0006	1.3
Watched television (ref: Yes)
No	0.0308	0.0566	−0.0322	0.0188	−0.0018
Subtotal					−0.0018	3.8
Listened to the radio (ref: Yes)
No	0.0204^**	0.0336	−0.0820	0.0140	−0.0027
Subtotal					−0.0027	5.6
Read newspapers (ref: Yes)
No	0.0376	0.0785	−0.0147	0.0230	−0.0011
Subtotal					−0.0011	2.3
Explained					−0.0435	91.8
Residual					0.0039	8.2

ref = reference group; ^aSNNPR Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region, EDHS Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey

Note: Estimates are weighted; ^ϯ bootstrapped standard errors with 1000 replications; * and ** indicate significance at less than 0.01 and 0.05 levels, respectively