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(a) Eca-109 cells' mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining assay after coincubation with different concentrations (0, 20, and 40 μM) of complex 2 for 24 h. (b) Quantitative data analysis for the number of cells (% of total) in the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential for different treatment groups. Data were presented as mean ± SD (n = 3), Student's t-test, ∗∗P < 0.01.
