Figure 5.
TSV filling after 6 hrs at a) −0.74 V(SSE), b) −0.70 V(SSE), c) −0.66 V(SSE), d) −0.64 V(SSE) in 1.25 mol/L CuSO4 −0.25 mol/L CH3SO3H − 1 mmol/L Cl− electrolyte with 50 μmol/L poloxamine Tetronic 701. The vias were electroplated on approximately 1 cm by 2 cm samples and rotated at 400 rpm.