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. 2020 Oct 7;10(10):e033759. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033759

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic of natural direct effect (NDE) and natural indirect effect (NIE). The NDE indicates the increase in NMs’ HIV knowledge happens without a concomitant increase in their CA’s HIV knowledge. The NIE, on the other hand, indicates that the increase in NMs’ HIV knowledge is mediated by their CA’s HIV knowledge increasing. Solid lines indicate paths of causality between variables. Dashed lines represent the line or lines composing the effect of interest. CA, change agent; NM, network member.