Table 3.

Results from the nine multiple logistic regression models on the association of socio-demographic factors and protective behavior.

Predictors	I have avoided certain (busy) places			I have adapted my school or work situation			I washed my hands more often and longer
	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
(Intercept)	6.52	3.42–12.56	<0.001	4.42	2.62–7.52	<0.001	6.64	3.09–14.41	<0.001
Education (low)	0.63	0.48–0.83	0.001	0.66	0.52–0.82	<0.001	0.53	0.38–0.73	<0.001
Education (middle)	0.85	0.65–1.10	0.212	0.70	0.57–0.86	0.001	0.71	0.52–0.96	0.027
Female gender	1.47	1.21–1.80	<0.001	0.86	0.73–1.01	0.059	2.13	1.67–2.73	<0.001
Age	1.03	0.98–1.09	0.190	0.79	0.75–0.82	<0.001	1.05	0.99–1.12	0.105
Partnership: single	0.48	0.35–0.65	<0.001	0.67	0.52–0.86	0.002	0.50	0.34–0.72	<0.001
Partnership: divorced	1.00	0.70–1.44	0.981	1.30	1.00–1.69	0.051	0.52	0.36–0.77	0.001
Partnership: widowed	0.93	0.63–1.38	0.698	0.81	0.59–1.09	0.165	1.08	0.65–1.86	0.774
Size of household	0.88	0.75–1.04	0.122	1.02	0.89–1.17	0.740	1.10	0.90–1.34	0.361
Predictors	I have kept distance to other people (at least 1.5 m)			I have quarantined myself, although I have no symptoms			I used disinfectant
	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
(Intercept)	2.05	1.13–3.72	0.018	0.16	0.07–0.36	<0.001	1.37	0.82–2.29	0.226
Education (low)	0.71	0.55–0.93	0.013	1.13	0.80–1.59	0.485	1.12	0.90–1.39	0.313
Education (middle)	0.64	0.51–0.81	<0.001	0.78	0.56–1.08	0.133	1.16	0.96–1.42	0.132
Female gender	1.58	1.31–1.90	<0.001	1.24	0.97–1.60	0.092	1.40	1.20–1.63	<0.001
Age	1.13	1.07–1.18	<0.001	0.91	0.85–0.97	0.004	0.92	0.88–0.96	<0.001
Partnership: single	0.63	0.47–0.85	0.002	1.30	0.88–1.93	0.195	0.89	0.70–1.14	0.356
Partnership: divorced	0.70	0.52–0.97	0.028	2.10	1.41–3.09	<0.001	0.90	0.70–1.17	0.431
Partnership: widowed	0.54	0.39–0.76	<0.001	1.56	0.97–2.44	0.059	0.79	0.60–1.03	0.078
Size of household	1.08	0.93–1.26	0.307	0.94	0.76–1.15	0.529	1.22	1.07–1.39	0.003
Predictors	I have reduced personal meetings and contacts			I was wearing face masks			I have taken none of these measures
	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
(Intercept)	1.76	0.94–3.31	0.078	0.02	0.00–0.10	<0.001	0.02	0.00–0.12	<0.001
Education (low)	0.57	0.43–0.75	<0.001	1.28	0.67–2.47	0.459	2.03	1.03–4.08	0.044
Education (middle)	0.75	0.58–0.97	0.027	1.41	0.79–2.58	0.256	0.77	0.35–1.65	0.511
Female gender	1.70	1.40–2.08	<0.001	1.01	0.65–1.57	0.950	0.49	0.28–0.83	0.010
Age	1.15	1.09–1.21	<0.001	1.03	0.92–1.16	0.621	0.97	0.85–1.10	0.624
Partnership: single	0.78	0.58–1.06	0.118	0.66	0.31–1.38	0.278	1.14	0.51–2.50	0.742
Partnership: divorced	0.71	0.52–0.99	0.040	1.37	0.71–2.54	0.332	0.96	0.36–2.25	0.933
Partnership: widowed	0.89	0.60–1.33	0.544	0.48	0.17–1.14	0.125	1.15	0.40–2.82	0.777
Size of household	1.15	0.98–1.35	0.092	1.01	0.68–1.48	0.958	1.12	0.74–1.70	0.585

Shown are odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-value (p) (N = 3,186). Significant p-values (p < 0.05) in bold.