Table 4.

Oral and dermal adsorbed reference doses (RfD_o and RfD_derm), the fraction of contaminant absorbed in gastrointestinal tract (ABS_GI), and the dermal absorption fraction for a given metal (ABS). Most of the parameters RfD_o and ABS_GI were taken from (USEPA, 2020), most of the parameters RfD_derm were calculated.

Metal	RfDo (mg/kg⋅day)	ABSGI	RfDderm (mg/kg⋅day)	ABSb,c
Ag	0.0005	0.04	0.00002	0.001
Al	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.001
As	0.0003	1.0	0.0003	0.03
B	0.2	1.0	0.2	0.001
Ba	20.0	0.07	14.0	0.001
Cd	0.0005	0.025	0.0000125	0.001
Co	0.0003	1.0	0.0003	0.001
Cr	1.5	0.013	0.0195	0.001
Cu	0.04	1.0	0.04	0.001
Fe	0.7	1.0	0.7	0.001
Hg	0.0003	1.0	0.0003	0.001
Li	0.002	1.0	0.002	0.001
Mn	0.024	0.04	0.00096	0.001
Mo	0.005	1.0	0.005	0.001
Pb	–	–	0.04a	0.001
Sb	0.0004	0.15	0.00006	0.001
Se	0.005	1.0	0.005	0.001
Sn	0.6	1.0	0.6	0.001
V	0.005	0.026	0.00013	0.001
Zn	0.3	1.0	0.3	0.001

^a(USEPA, 2015).

^b(Cao, 2014).

^c(Jiang, 2020).