Table 1.

Data collection techniques, size, and tools

Formative research (FR) method/studies	Sample size	Data collection tools	Analysis
Household survey	486 Households	Survey questionnaire	R program, SPSS
Spot-check – households	486 Households	Checklist	SPSS
Spot-check – institutions	31 Schools, two colleges, three market places, 14 restaurants/lodges	Checklist	SPSS
Focus group discussion	33 Sessions in schools (396 respondents), 16 sessions in communities	Guiding checklist	NVivo
Household survey	486 Households	Survey questionnaire	R program, SPSS
Spot-check – households	486 Households	Checklist	R program
Spot-check – institutions	31 Schools, two colleges, five HF, three market places, 14 restaurants/lodges	Checklist	R program
Structured observation of hygiene behaviors	245 Households	Structured observation checklist	R program
Structured observation of hygiene behaviors	Public toilets (one bus station, two markets)	Structured observation checklist	SPSS