Table 7.

Comparison of Difference between First and Second Photograph and the Absolute Value after Treatment of Appearance-matched Non-NAM and NAM Groups Using the 7 Analyzed Parameters According to Chang et al²¹

Ratio, c/nc or l/r	Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate				Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
	Non-NAM vs. NAM				Non-NAM vs. NAM
	Moderate (P)		Severe (P)		Moderate (P)		Severe (P)
	Absolute	Difference	Absolute	Difference	Absolute	Difference	Absolute	Difference
NH	0.026*	0.371	0.221	0.424	0.567	0.079	0.125	0.316
NW	0.009*	0.019*	0.058	0.542	0.01*	0.277	0.606	0.218
¼ med. part	0.635	0.428	0.094	0.149	0.095	0.95	0.228	0.105
Nasal sill height	0.382	—	0.211	—	0.179	—	0.834	—
Nostril area	0.003*	0.002*	0.074	0.776	0.252	0.38	<0.001*	0.769
H-t-W	0.042*	0.019*	0.012*	0.094	0.193	0.64	0.274	0.176
ColAng	0.507	0.053	0.715	0.818	0.283	0.071	0.242	0.869

Mann–Whitney U test.

^*P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.