Table 2. Summary of some of the studies used to explain the behavioral association between SUD and EDs.

EDs: eating disorders, SUD: substance use disorder, BN: bulimia nervosa, AN: anorexia nervosa, PTSD: post-traumatic stress disorder

Author name	Year of publication	Study  design	Sample size (if applicable)	Conclusions
Cohen et al. [17]	2011	Randomized      Controlled Trial	122	Women who reported binge eating in the PTSD/SUD group had higher psychopathology and responded less favorably to treatment than those without binge eating.
Gregorowski et al. [18]	2013	Review	N/A	SUD is prevalent among individuals with EDs especially those with bulimic features. EDs and SUD are associated with common genetic and environmental risk factors. Laxatives, stimulants, thyroid replacement hormones can be misused as weight loss aids.
Steward et al. [19]	2000	Self-report	176	Diet restriction in BN is associated with binge drinking patterns rather than frequent drinking.
Birch et al. [24]	2006	Comparative study	41	Binge eating and heavy alcohol use happen separately in situations involved with pleasant events, social pressure and interpersonal interactions. And they co-occur in events associated with unpleasant emotions, physical discomfort, urging and tempting situations.
Anzengruber et al. [25]	2006	Observational study	1,524	Smoking is prevalent in women with BN and in AN - purging and binging type.