Table 2.

Independent samples t-test results comparing caregivers and controls on cognitive outcomes (n = 94).

	Caregivers		Control participants
	M	SD	M	SD	t-test	Cohen’s d
Working Memory
N-Back: 2-Back Condition
Percentage of items wrongly reported	1.58	0.29	1.25	0.33	4.67***	1.06
Number of items correctly identified	0.93	0.31	1.17	0.17	−4.53***	−.96
Average reaction time	1403.92	334.67	1118.80	297.36	4.37	.90
N-Back: 3-Back Condition
Percentage of items wrongly reported	1.40	0.97	1.21	0.30	2.63**	.26
Number of items correctly identified	1.05	0.22	1.18	0.09	3.71***	−.77
Average reaction time	1188.55	337.26	963.60	244.48	−3.70***	.76
Episodic Memory
WMS-III Word-Recall Subtest (Sum of Trials 1–4)	29.25	6.56	35.51	4.51	−5.39***	−1.11
WMS-III Word-Recall Subtest Intrusions (Sum of Trials 1–4)	0.27	0.24	0.22	0.28	0.62	.19
Attention
Stroop Test	2.12	0.24	2.01	0.37	1.71	.35
Processing Speed
Pattern Comparison	34.17	8.59	43.45	7.08	−5.71	−1.17
Letter Comparison	23.25	6.01	29.55	5.33	−5.37	−1.11
Digit Symbol	54.76	12.38	66.23	10.65	−4.81	−.99
Executive Functioning
Connections	0.52	0.17	0.59	0.12	−2.18***	−.47
Visuospatial Processing
Mental Rotation: Percent correct	79.61	7.95	83.32	6.63	−2.45	−.50
Mental Rotation: Average reaction time	3.55	0.17	3.52	0.17	0.86	.17
Implicit Memory
Word-Stem Completion Test	10.46	3.78	11.17	4.06	−0.87	−.18

^*p < .05

^**p < .01

^***p < .001.