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. 2020 Sep 25;11:581241. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.581241

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Copyright © 2020 Nast, Choepak and Lüder.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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T. gondii preferentially inhibits expression of IFN-γ-induced genes regulated by non-CpG island promoters. Genes (n = 223) were selected from a previous microarray analysis (20), and they were grouped according to their regulation by IFN-γ (up- or down-regulated) and the x-fold regulation by concomitant infection with T. gondii. (A) They were in silico analyzed for presence or absence of CpG islands within nucleotides −200 to +200 relative to the transcriptional start site. Fold mRNA regulation induced by IFN-γ in non-infected cells (B) or by T. gondii compared to non-infected controls (C) were calculated for genes with or without CpG island promoters. Bars represent means ± S.E.M.; differences between groups were evaluated by Student's t-test (***p < 0.001; ns, not significant).