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. 2020 Sep 25;11:518060. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.518060

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Copyright © 2020 Mei, Sun, Blackall, Xian, Li, Gong and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) response in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens against OMVs. The IgG response is shown as OD650, calculated from an ELISA assay (sera dilution 1:100) against sonicated bacterial antigen. Chickens in the OMV group were given two doses of V-OMVs-A vaccine prepared from OMVs of A. paragallinarum serovar A strain hp8. Chickens in the control group were given two doses of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Four weeks after the second vaccination, sera were collected, and antibody titers were tested by ELISA. Asterisks indicate statistical difference between OMVs group and control (^**p < 0.01).