Table 1.

Characteristics of Studies Included in the Review

Characteristic	No. of Studies
Self-testing	10 (7 LMICs; 3 HICs)
HIV	10
Other STIs	0
Self-sampling	6 (2 LMICs; 4 HICs)
Non-HIV STIs	5
Multiple STIs	1
Digital technology approach	6 (4 LMICs; 2 HICs)
HIV	6
Non-HIV	0
Multiple STIs	0
Study design
RCT	46 (26 LMICs; 20 HICs)
Observational	30 (14 LMICs; 16 HICs)
Infectious disease
HIV	48 (36 LMICs; 12 HICs)
Chlamydia	8 (8 HICs)
Multiple diseases	20 (6 LMICs; 14 HICs)
Population type
Sexual minorities	24 (12 LMICs; 12 HICs)
First-time testers	6 (4 LMICs; 2 HICs)

Abbreviations: LMICs, low- and middle-income countries; HICs, high-income countries; RCT, randomized controlled trial; STI, sexually transmitted infection.