Table 4.

FET-base biosensors for early detection of bacteria-related diseases.

Application	Target	RE	Linker	Surface	Sensor	Readout	LOD	Sample	Ref.
Grampositive and Gram-Negative bacteria detection	E. coli, S. aureus or P. aeruginosa	Bacteriocins potassium ions	Valinomycin- polyvinylchloride (PVC)	SiO2/Al/methylene blue/potassium-sensitive electrode	CMOS integrated ISFETs	On-chip	107 bacteria/mL	Buffer solution	[142]
Lyme disease diagnosis	B. burgdorferi flagellar antigen	Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme) flagellar antibody	Diazonium salts Histidine EDC/NHS	Si/SiO2/single-wall nanotube (SWNT)	SWNT FET	Off-chip	1 ng/ml	Buffer solution	[143]