Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 54 randomized participants.
| Total n =54 | DBT n = 27 | PPT n = 27 | Test statistic | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dropout, n (%) | 16 (30%) | 4 (15%) | 12 (44%) | χ2 (1) = 5.68* |
| Number of group sessions attended, mean (SD) | 7.17 (3.43) | 9.04 (2.55) | 5.31 (3.21) | t (50) = 4.64*** |
| Age, range; mean (SD) | 18–46 22.17 (5.01) |
22.07 (4.81) | 22.26 (5.28) | t (52) = − .14 |
| Female, n (%) | 42 (78%) | 21 (78%) | 21 (78%) | χ2 (1) = 0 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | χ2 (5) = 4.92 | |||
| African-American | 5 (9%) | 3 (11%) | 2 (8%) | |
| Asian-American | 20 (37%) | 7 (26%) | 13 (50%) | |
| Biracial/Multiracial | 2 (4%) | 2 (7%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Caucasian | 15 (28%) | 9 (33%) | 6 (23%) | |
| Hispanic | 3 (6%) | 2 (7%) | 1 (4%) | |
| Other | 8 (15%) | 4 (15%) | 4 (15%) | |
| Previous hospitalization, n (%) | 7 (13%) | 5 (19%) | 2 (7%) | χ2 (1) = 1.35 |
| Current medication, n (%) | 21 (40%) | 12 (44%) | 9 (33%) | χ2 (1) = 4.82 |
| Individual psychotherapy, n (%) | 37 (70%) | 22 (81%) | 15 (56%) | χ2 (1) = 3.56 |
| Year in University, n (%) | χ2 (5) = 4.82 | |||
| 1st year | 6 (11%) | 3 (11%) | 3 (11%) | |
| 2nd year | 14 (26%) | 6 (22%) | 8 (30%) | |
| 3rd year | 15 (28%) | 8 (30%) | 7 (27%) | |
| 4th year | 11 (20%) | 4 (15%) | 7 (27%) | |
| 5th year | 6 (11%) | 5 (19%) | 1 (17%) | |
| Graduate school | 1 (2%) | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | |
| DSM-IV Axis I Diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
| MDD | 22 (43%) | 13 (48%) | 10 (37%) | χ2 (1) = .68 |
| Dysthymic Disorder | 15 (28%) | 6 (22%) | 9 (33%) | χ2 (1) = .83 |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | 3 (6%) | 2 (7%) | 1 (4%) | χ2 (1) = .35 |
| Substance Use Disorder | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4%) | χ2 (1) = 1.02 |
| Panic Disorder | 11 (20%) | 6 (22%) | 5 (19%) | χ2 (1) = .11 |
| Social Anxiety Disorder | 18 (33%) | 9 (33%) | 9 (33%) | χ2 (1) = 0 |
| OCD | 9 (17%) | 6 (22%) | 3 (11%) | χ2 (1) = 1.20 |
| PTSD | 6 (11%) | 3 (11%) | 3 (11%) | χ2 (1) = 0 |
| GAD | 12 (22%) | 5 (19%) | 7 (26%) | χ2 (1) = .43 |
| DSM-IV Axis II Diagnosis, | n (%) | |||
| AVPD | 16 (30%) | 9 (33%) | 7 (26%) | χ2 (1) = .36 |
| OCPD | 22 (41%) | 13 (48%) | 9 (33%) | χ2 (1) = 1.23 |
| SPD | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| NPD | 2 (4%) | 1 (4%) | 1 (4%) | χ2 (1) = 0 |
| BPD | 17 (31%) | 9 (33%) | 8 (30%) | χ2 (1) = .09 |
| APD | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Number of Diagnoses, mean (SD) | 2.87 (1.99) | 3.04 (1.91) | 2.70 (2.09) | t (52) = .61 |
| Life Problems Inventory | 154.85 (35.21) | 158.22 (37.84) | 151.35 (32.61) | t (51) = .71 |
| Symptom Checklist-90 Revised | 2.22 (.93) | 2.38 (.89) | 2.05 (.96) | t (51) = 1.33 |
Note.
* =
p < .05;
*** =
p < .001;
DBT = dialectical behavior therapy group; PPT = positive psychotherapy group; MDD = major depressive disorder; OCD = obsessive-compulsive disorder; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; GAD = generalized anxiety disorder; AVPD = avoidant personality disorder; OCPD = obsessive-compulsive personality disorder; SPD = schizotypal personality disorder; NPD = narcissistic personality disorder; BPD = borderline personality disorder; APD = antisocial personality disorder.