Table 3.

Porosity and acidity characteristics of catalysts and catalytic performance of different bimetallic Ni-ZSM-5.

Catalysts	Surface area (m2/g)a	Acidic properties (μmol/g)			Experimental conditions		Primary product (wt.%)	References
		Brönsted acidity	Lewis acidity	Total acidity	Raw material	H2 pressure (MPa)
17 Ni 2 Cub	63.0c	None	None	None	Phenol	APd	Cyclohexane (77)	Huynh et al., 2014
16 Ni 4 Cu	65.3c	None	None	None	Phenol	AP	Cyclohexane (60)	Huynh et al., 2014
10 Ni 10 Co	65.4c	162	509	672	Phenol	AP	Cyclohexane (92)	Huynh et al., 2014
5 Ni 14 Co	63.5c	166	527	693	Phenol	AP	Cyclohexane (90)	Huynh et al., 2014
17 Ni 1 Pt	None	None	None	None	Cellulose	4.0	Hexitols (76.9)	Liang et al., 2014
1.3 Ni 3.1 Ga	328	None	None	None	Eucalyptus urophylla	None	BTEXe (NMf)	Schultz et al., 2016
8 Ni 8 Ce	257	None	None	None	Phenol	None	H2 (NM)	Li et al., 2017
45 Ni 5 Ca	None	31.8	157.6	189.4	2-methoxyphenyl anisole	1.0	Phenol (31.3)	Guo et al., 2019
45 Ni 5 Ca	None	31.8	157.6	189.4	2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanol	1.0	1-Phenyl ethanol (37.6) Guaiacol (43.7)	Guo et al., 2019
45 Ni 5 Ca	None	31.8	157.6	189.4	4-phenoxyphenol	1.0	Toluene (49.4) Guaiacol (50.5)	Guo et al., 2019

^aMulti-point BET method.

^bRefers to 17 wt.% Ni 2% Cu-ZSM-5, and the other representations have the same meaning.

^cRefers to the N₂ adsorbed volume (cm³·g^-1) at standard temperature and pressure (0.1 MPa, 0°C).

^dRefers to atmosphere pressure.

^eBETX: sum of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes.

^fNM, not measured.