Table 3.
Univariate analysis of population characteristics associated with high blood glucose levels, Brazil, 2018
| Variables | Blood glucose (mg/dL)* | PR (CI95%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal (n/%) | High (n/%) | |||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 8720 (60.9) | 1734 (53.5) | ||
| Female | 5595 (39.1) | 1507 (46.5) | 1.3 (1.2 − 1.4) | 0.01 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 20–45 | 7486 (52.3) | 913 (29.2) | ||
| 45–54 | 2655 (18.5) | 716 (22.1) | 1.9 (1.8 − 2.1) | 0.01 |
| 55–64 | 2357 (16.5) | 827 (25.5) | 2.4 (2.2 − 2.6) | 0.01 |
| 65–79 | 1817 (12.7) | 785 (24.2) | 2.8 (2.6 − 3.0) | 0.01 |
| Body mass index | ||||
| < 25 | 5220 (35.5) | 782 (24.1) | ||
| 25–30 | 5595 (39.1) | 1326 (40.9) | 1.5 (1.4 − 1.6) | 0.01 |
| > 30 | 3500 (24.5) | 1133 (35.0) | 1.9 (1.7 − 2.0) | 0.01 |
| Abdominal circumference (cm) | ||||
| ♂ < 94 or ♀ < 80 | 4491 (31.4) | 635 (19.6) | ||
| ♂ 94–102 or ♀ 80–88 | 3518 (24.6) | 760 (23.4) | 1.4 (1.3 − 1.6) | 0.01 |
| ♂ > 102 or ♀ > 88 | 6306 (44.0) | 1846 (57.0) | 1.8 (1.7 − 2.0) | 0.01 |
| Color | ||||
| White | 6821 (47.6) | 1489 (45.9) | ||
| Brown | 5471 (38.2) | 1200 (37.0) | 1.0 (0.9 − 1.1) | 0.91 |
| Black | 156 (1.1) | 36 (1.1) | 1.0 (0.8 − 1.4) | 0.77 |
| Yellow | 1754 (12.3) | 491 (15.2) | 1.2 (1.1 − 1.3) | 0.01 |
| Indigenous | 44 (0.3) | 8 (0.3) | 0.8 (0.4 − 1.6) | 0.64 |
| Uninformed | 69 (0.5) | 17 (0.5) | 1.1 (0.7 − 1.7) | 0.65 |
| Educational level (years) | ||||
| ≥ 15 | 4644 (32.4) | 734 (22.7) | ||
| 11 − 14 | 4347 (30.4) | 752 (23.2) | 1.1 (1.0 − 1.2) | 0.10 |
| 8 − 10 | 2498 (17.4) | 665 (20.5) | 1.5 (1.4 − 1.7) | 0.01 |
| 4 − 7 | 2143 (15.0) | 791 (24.4) | 2.3 (2.1 − 2.6) | 0.01 |
| 1 − 3 | 123 (0.9) | 49 (1.5) | 2.5(1.8 − 3.5) | 0.01 |
| Illiterate | 560 (3.9) | 250 (7.7) | 2.8 (2.4 − 3.3) | 0.01 |
| Practice of physical activity | ||||
| Yes | 4608 (32.2) | 964 (29.7) | ||
| No | 9707 (67.8) | 2277 (70.3) | 1.1 (1.0 − 1.2) | 0.01 |
| Consumption of vegetables and/or fruits | ||||
| Every day | 8216 (57.4) | 1796 (55.4) | ||
| Do not eat every day | 6099 (42.6) | 1445 (44.6) | 1.1 (1.0 − 1.1) | 0.04 |
| Diagnosis or use of medicines for hypertension | ||||
| No | 10,362 (72.4) | 1787 (55.1) | ||
| Yes | 3953 (27.6) | 1454 (44.9) | 1.8 (1.7 − 1.9) | 0.01 |
| High blood glucose in the past | ||||
| No | 12,533 (87.5) | 2243 (69.2) | ||
| Yes | 1782 (12.5) | 998 (30.8) | 2.4 (2.2 − 2.5) | 0.01 |
| Family member with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus | ||||
| No | 6159 (43.0) | 1204 (37.1) | ||
| Yes (grandparents, uncles, cousins) | 3228 (22.5) | 505 (15.6) | 0.8 (0.7 − 0.9) | 0.01 |
| Yes: (parents, siblings or children) | 4928 (34.4) | 1532 (47.3) | 1.4 (1.3 − 1.5) | 0.01 |
*Glycemia considered normal. fasting < 100 mg/dL or casual < 140 mg/dL. Results excluding 24 patients with blood glucose results < 70 mg/dL. ♂—Male; ♀—Female