Table 3.

Clinical outcomes

Variables	AHO Group(n = 17)	Non-AHO Group (n = 80)	P Value
JOA scores
Preoperative	10.9 ± 1.8	11.3 ± 1.6	0.440
Postoperative 3 month	15.3 ± 0.8*	15.3 ± 0.9*	0.977
Last follow-up	16.1 ± 0.6*	16.2 ± 0.8*	0.811
NDI scores
Preoperative	31.1 ± 3.2	30.0 ± 3.9	0.294
Postoperative 3 month	13.3 ± 2.7*	12.8 ± 3.4*	0.562
Last follow-up	8.8 ± 3.0*	7.9 ± 3.6*	0.325
VAS scores
Preoperative	6.9 ± 1.1	6.5 ± 1.3	0.193
Postoperative 3 month	2.2 ± 0.8*	2.2 ± 0.9*	0.879
Last follow-up	1.4 ± 1.0*	1.2 ± 1.0*	0.528

AHO anterior heterotopic ossification, JOA Japanese Orthopedic Association, NDI Neck Disability Index, VAS Visual analog scale

* P < 0.05, compared with pre-operation