Figure 5.

Effects of PNE on AT₁R and AT₂R mRNA and protein expression in male offspring. Left ventricle tissues were freshly isolated from male offspring that had been perinatally exposed to saline and nicotine. The cardiac mRNA levels of AT₁R (A) and AT₂R (B) were measured by qRT-PCR analysis, the mRNA expression levels of AT₁R and AT₂R are both normalized by GAPDH. *P < 0.05 vs. saline control group, #P <0.05 vs. without LNA, as determined by two-way ANOVA test. The cardiac protein levels of AT₁R (C) and AT₂R (D) were determined by Western blot analysis. Their protein densities are normalized as fold of GADPH density. Data are means ± SEM (n=4~5 animals/groups). *P < 0.05 vs. control, as determined by Student's t-test.