Table 4. . Selected nucleic acid-based therapeutic cargos delivered via therapeutic extracellular vesicles.

Delivered cargo	EV producer cell	EV target cell/tissue	EV delivery	Therapeutic application	Ref
miRNA
1. Let-7a	HEK293	EGFR expressing breast cancer cells	Lipofection	Cancer immunotherapy for breast cancer tissue	[45]
2. miRNA-155 inhibitor	Murine B cells (M12.4)	RAW 264.7 macrophages	Electroporation	Inflammatory inhibition for a variety of diseases	[46]
3. miRNA-15a	RAW 264.7, MH-S, BMDM	Murine macrophages	Calcium chloride transfection and Electroporation	miRNA-based drug delivery	[47]
4. miRNA-26a	Mouse satellite cells	Tibialis anterior muscle	Biogenesis	Treatment of chronic kidney disease complications	[48]
5. miRNA-134	Hs578Ts(i)8	Breast tumors	Lipofection	Triple-negative breast cancer therapy	[49]
6. miRNA-122	Adipose tissue-derived MSCs	HCC	Lipofection	Enhancer of HCC chemosensitivity	[50]
7. miRNA-146b	Marrow stromal cells	Xenograft primary brain tumor	Electroporation	Treatment for malignant glioma	[51]
8. miRNA-159	THP-1 cells	MDA-MB-231 cells	Co-incubation	Therapy for triple negative breast cancer	[52]
9. miRNA-497	HEK293T	A549 cells	Lipofection	Treatment of NSCLC	[53]
siRNA targeting
1. GAPDH	Dendritic cells	Brain tissue	Electroporation	Therapy for Alzheimer’s disease	[54]
2. Huntingtin gene	U87 cells	Cortical neurons	Co-incubation	Therapy for Huntington’s disease	[55]
3. HER2	MCF-7 cells	MCF-7	Sonication	Therapy for HER2 positive breast cancer	[56]
4. MAPK1	Human plasma, HTB-177, HeLa cells	Human mononuclear blood cells	Electroporation	siRNA-based gene therapy	[57]
5. BCR-ABL	HEK293T	CML cells	Mass action via biogenesis	Therapy for CML	[58]
6. S100A4	T1 mouse breast cancer cells	Mouse embryonic lung fibroblast	Incubation/extrusion	Suppression of breast cancer metastasis	[59]

CML: Chronic myeloid leukemia; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma cell.