Table 2.

Hypotheses and Explanations

Hypotheses	Context	Explanation
• Nonracial Amenities: Racial and ethnic composition of neighborhoods does not affect which neighborhoods gentrify.	Low-segregation	• racial and ethnic composition of neighborhoods does not constrain housing choices in low-segregation places
• Diversity: Gentrification favors racially diverse neighborhoods over homogeneous white or minority neighborhoods	Low-segregation	• distinct cultural preferences of gentrifiers for “diversity” can be fulfilled in low-segregation places where mixed-race neighborhoods are more prevalent
• Minority Avoidance/Racial Hierarchy: gentrification favors neighborhoods with fewer minorities and exhibits a racial hierarchy in which neighborhoods with more blacks are at the bottom	High or low-segregation	• neighborhood preferences/bias
• Minority Attraction/Reverse Racial Hierarchy: gentrification favors neighborhoods with more minorities and exhibits a reversed racial hierarchy in which neighborhoods with more blacks are at the top	Recent wave gentrification (1990s/2000s)	• changing preferences/biases or distinct hierarchy in Seattle
		• state-driven policies (transit, public housing transformation)
		• rise of middle-class minorities
		• immigration to black neighborhoods attracting gentrification
		• immigration to other neighborhoods deflecting gentrification to black neighborhoods