Table 1.
Characteristics and disease-related symptoms in the study population on admission, overall and by survivor status
| Characteristics | Total N = 455 |
Non-survivors N = 79 |
Survivors N = 376 |
P –value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age Mean (SD) | 63.8 (13.5) | 69.4 (12.2) | 62.6 (13.5) | < 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 65 years, % (N) | 47.9% (218) | 65.8% (52) | 44.1% (166) | < 0.001 |
| Gender: Male, % (N) | 41.8% (190) | 49.4% (39) | 40.2% (151) | 0.131 |
| Symptoms, % (N) | ||||
| Caught | 45.9% (209) | 36.7% (29) | 47.9% (180) | 0.070 |
| Fever | 37.4% (170) | 39.2% (31) | 37.0 (139) | 0.704 |
| Shortness of breath | 56.7% (258) | 62.0% (49) | 55.6% (209) | 0.294 |
| Tiredness | 23.3% (106) | 16.5% (13) | 24.7% (93) | 0.114 |
| Lack of consciousness, % (N) | 5.7% (26) | 16.5% (13) | 3.5% (13) | < 0.001 |
|
O2 saturation < 93% % (N) |
58.0% (264) | 88.6% (70) | 51.6% (194) | < 0.001 |
| Comorbidities, % (N) | ||||
| HTN | 54.0% (239) | 60.5% (46) | 52.6% (193) | 0.206 |
| CVD | 43.7% (199) | 51.9% (41) | 42.0% (158) | 0.108 |
| CKD | 22.2% (101) | 35.4% (28) | 19.4% (73) | 0.002 |
| Other* | 10.1% (46) | 16.7% (13) | 8.8% (33) | 0.036 |
| Number of Comorbidities, % (N) | ||||
| 0 | 30.5% (139) | 22.8% (18) | 32.2% (121) | 0.008† |
| 1 | 25.7% (117) | 21.5% (17) | 26.6% (100) | |
| 2 | 29.5% (134) | 32.9% (26) | 28.7% (108) | |
| ≥ 3 | 14.3% (65) | 22.8% (18) | 12.5% (47) | |
| Drug History | ||||
| ACEIs or ARBs | 42.9% (190) | 50.0% (38) | 41.4% (152) | 0.169 |
| Statins | 28.9% (117) | 34.3% (24) | 27.8% (93) | 0.273 |
ACEIs angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARBs angiotensin II receptor blockers, CKD Chronic Kidney diseases, CVD Cardiovascular diseases, HTN Hypertension, IQR Inter quartile range, ICU Intensive care unit
*Cancer, rheumatism, immunodeficiency, or chronic diseases of respiratory, liver, and blood
†: linear-by-linear association test