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. 2020 Oct 8;10:16848. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74016-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Mice homozygous for the PON1 human transgene [PON1Tg] and wild type littermate control mice [WT] were injected intraperitoneally (n = 10 per group) with either 200ul of pooled K/BxN serum on days 0 and 2 (Serum Transfer Induced Arthritis [STIA], age = 4 months, 5M/5F) or 5 mg of collagen antibody cocktail (Chondrex) on day 0, and 50ug of LPS on day 3 (collagen antibody-induced arthritis [CAIA], age = 8 months, 5M/5F). Arthritis activity was assessed using caliper measurements of hind limbs and clinical scores until sacrifice at 2 weeks as described in Materials and Methods. (A) Arthritic scores over time and negative correlations between arthritis activity measures and serum PON1 activity. (B) Lower histologic damage scores in PON1Tg mice compared to controls, negative correlations between histological scores and serum PON1 activity, and representative histology of one PON1Tg and one control mouse (STIA experiment). (C) Baseline and post- arthritis lipid profiles of PON1TG and WT mice (STIA experiment). (D) Serum cytokine/chemokine levels (Luminex-based 20 plex assays) with detectable analyte concentrations for the majority of mice in each group (≥ 65%; IL-12, IL-17, TNF- α, MIP-1α) (STIA experiment). (E) Pre and post-arthritis serum levels of BLM for WT and PON1Tg mice (STIA experiment).