Table 4.

Survey on the applications of PLE to obtain flavonoids from natural sources using environmentally-friendly organic solvents.

Sample	Solvent (%)	PLE conditions (mode, reactor volume, extraction time, solvent flow rate)	Temperature (°C)	Pressure (bar)	Target compounds	Yield or recovery	Reference
Goldenberry	Ethanol (70%)	Dynamic, 7.5 mL, 10–60 min, 1–3 mL/min	N/I	100–200	Quercetin Rutin_hydrate Mangiferin	0.57 mg/L 1.20 mg/L 3.57 mg/L	Corazza et al., 2018
Grape marc	Ethanol (50–100%) Water-ethanol acidified	N/I, 50 mL, 220 min, 5 g/min	40–100	100	Anthocyanins	10.21 mg malvidin-3-O-glucoside/g dr	Pereira et al., 2019
Citrus by-products	Ethanol (50–99.5%)	Dynamic, 10 mL, 5–40 min, 2.37 g/min	45–65	100	Hesperidin	19.3 mg/g dry peel	Barrales et al., 2018
Passion fruit rinds	Ethanol (70–100%)	Dynamic, 10 mL, 60 min, 2.7–3 mL/min	30–60	100	Isoorientin Vicenin Orientin Isovitexin Vitexin	118 μg/g dried rind 85 μg/g dried rind 25 μg/g dried rind 34 μg/g dried rind 17 μg/g dried rind	Viganó et al., 2016
Waxy barley	Ethanol (5–20%)	Static, 100 mL, 15–55 min, 2–6 mL/min	135–175	150	Catechin, Naringinin, Morin, Rutin, and Quercetin	N/I	Benito-Román et al., 2015
Dracocephalun kotschyi	Methanol	Static and dynamic, 100 mL, N/I, 0.4–0.8	50–80	20–40	Quercetin Luteolin	6.13 mg/g 13.25 μg/g	Kamali et al., 2016
Lippia citriodora leaves	Ethanol (15–85%)	Static, 33 mL, 5–20 min, N/I	40–180	110	Luteolin-7-diglucuronide, apigenin-7-diglucuronide, chrysoeriol-7-diglucuronide, acacetin-7-diglucuronide, methyl quercetin, dimethyl kaempferol, and dimethyl quercetin	N/I	Leyva-Jiménez et al., 2018
Moringa oleifera leaves	Ethanol (55–100%)	Static, N/I, 60–210 min, N/I	110–140	N/I	Quercetin and kaempferol	N/I	Wang et al., 2017