Table 3.
Multivariate analysis of socioeconomic factors impacting survival (n = 50,543).
| Characteristic | Hazards ratio (95% CI) |
p |
|---|---|---|
| Overall median survival | 33.4 (IQR 11.2–73.5) |
|
| Age | 1.03 (1.027–1.030) |
<0.0005 |
| Days to chemotherapy | 0.994 (0.994–0.995) |
<0.0005 |
| Year of diagnosis groups | ||
| 2004–2005 | Reference | |
| 2006–2007 | 0.95 (0.92–0.99) |
<0.0005 |
| 2008–2009 | 0.88 (0.85–0.92) |
<0.0005 |
| 2010–2011 | 0.86 (0.83–0.90) |
<0.0005 |
| 2012–2013 | 0.82 (0.79–0.85) |
<0.0005 |
| 2014–2015 | 0.84 (0.81–0.88) |
<0.0005 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 0.9 (0.90–0.94) |
<0.0005 |
| Race | ||
| Non-Hispanic whites | Reference | Reference |
| Non-Hispanic blacks | 0.90 (0.87–0.93) |
<0.0005 |
| Hispanic | 0.80 (0.76–0.85) |
<0.0005 |
| Others | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) |
NS |
| Insurance | ||
| Uninsured | Reference | Reference |
| Insured | ||
| Private | 0.83 (0.78–0.89) |
<0.0005 |
| Medicaid | 1.09 (1.01–1.17) |
0.03 |
| Medicare | 0.90 (0.84–0.96) |
0.003 |
| Details unknown | 0.89 (0.81–0.98) |
0.018 |
| Median income | ||
| <$38,000 | Reference | Reference |
| $38,000–$47,999 | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) |
0.040 |
| $48,000–$62,999 | 0.93 (0.90–0.97) |
<0.005 |
| ≥$63,000 | 0.91 (0.87–0.95) |
<0.005 |
| Location | ||
| Metropolitan | - | NS |
| Urban | - | |
| Rural | - | |
| Comorbidity score | ||
| 0 | Reference | Reference |
| 1 | 1.29 (1.26–1.33) |
<0.005 |
| 2 | 1.56 (1.50–1.63) |
<0.005 |
| ≥3 | 1.73 (1.63–1.84) |
<0.005 |
| Education | ||
| ≥21% | Reference | Reference |
| 13.0–20.9% | 0.99 (0.95–1.02) |
NS |
| 7.0–12.9% | 0.98 (0.94–1.02) |
NS |
| <7.0% | 0.94 (0.89–0.99) |
0.02 |
| Facility type | ||
| Community Cancer Center | Reference | Reference |
| Comprehensive Community Cancer Center | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) |
NS |
| Academic/Research Program | 0.95 (0.91–0.98) |
0.01 |
| Integrated Network Cancer Program | 1.01 (0.97–1.06) |
NS |
CI = confidence interval; NS = Not significant.