Table 3.
Comparison of published studies from HIV-1 patients transferred from pediatric care to adult units worldwide.
| Country(ref) | No. | Date | Perinatal infection | Median age (years) | ART experience (mean, year) | Rate of DRM in pre-treated patients | Most frequent DRM | TDR in naïve patients | HIV non-B variants | Clinical status | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At transfer | HIV DX | First cART | No of polseq | To any | Only to NRTI | Only to NNRTI | Only to PI | Duala/Tripleb | CD4 > 500 cells/mm3 | UVL | ||||||||
| Present study | 184 | 1997–2017 | 94% | 18.7 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 22.7 | 113 | 75.2% | 23.1% | 2.6% | 7% | 28.2%/15.4% |
NRTI: D67N NNRTI: K103N PI: L90M |
19% | 6.9% | 74% | 65.4% |
| Spain9 | 112 | 1997–2011 | 93.7% | 18.9 | 2 | 5.6 | 11.5 | 58 | 81% | 28.5% | 7.1% | 14.6% | 31%/17.3% |
NRTI: M41L NNRTI: K103N PI: L90M |
0% | 1.9% | 55.3% | 38.4% |
| UK/Ireland11 | 644 | 1996–2016 | 91% | 17.4 | 6.4 | 9.6 | 7.8 | 381 | 82% | 9.3% | 16.2% | 0.7% | 44%/12% |
NRTI: M184V NNRTI: K103N PI: L90M |
6% | – | 42% | 60% |
| Sweden12 | 34 | 2013–2015 | 91% | 19 | – | 9 | – | 32 | – | – | – | – | 25%/– | – | – | – | – | 96% |
| The Netherlands13 | 54 | 1996–2014 | 78% | 18.8 | 8.4 | 10.4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Italy14 | 24 | 2004–2006 | 100% | 18 | – | – | 14 | 13 | 69.2% | – | – | – | 46.2%/– | NRTI: M41L | – | – | – | 75% |
| USA15 | 735 | 2006–2015 | 100% | 22 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 38.9% | 51.8% |
| Canada16 | 45 | 1999–2011 | 71% | 18.1 | – | – | – | 38 | 73.7% | 21% | 55.3% | 50% | –/31.6% | – | – | 20% |
28.9% < 200 cells/ml |
42.2% |
| Argentina17 | 37 | 2011 | 100% | 18 | – | – | 15 | – | – | – | – | – | –/45% |
NRTI: D67N NNRTI: K103N PI: V82A |
– | – | 36.3% | 45% |
HIV human immunodeficiency virus, ref reference, No. number of transferred participants in each study, DX diagnosis, cART combination antiretroviral therapy, ART antiretroviral therapy, seq sequences, DRM drug resistance mutation, NRTI nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, NNRTI non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, PI protease inhibitor, UVL undetectable viral load ≤ 50 RNA copies/ml at last available viraemia, except from USA study23 (< 400 cp/ml), cp copies; dash: not provided data. HIV non-B variants include HIV-1 subtypes different than subtype B and recombinants.
aDRM found to NRTI + NNRTI, NRTI + PI and NNRTI + PI drug class families.
bDRM found to NRTI + NNRTI + PI drug class families.