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. 2020 Oct 9;10:16895. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72583-6

Table 4.

Breakthrough parameters for removal of heavy metals using AC-NLP.

Heavy metals	Variables			Breakthrough parameters
Heavy metals	Q (mL/min)	C₀ (mg/L)	Z (cm)	t_b (min)	t_e (min)	t_δ (min)	Adsorption capacity at t_0.5 (mg/g)	H_MTZ (cm)	U_z (cm/min)
Pb	5	50	10	128	177	9.8	62,500.00	2.77	0.28
	20	50	10	5.6	10.2	0.092	12,993.42	2.51	49.02
	10	25	10	78	93	1.5	25,000.00	2.61	1.08
	10	100	10	28	53	2.5	13,651.32	1.72	1.89
	10	50	5	44	62	1.8	3714.29	1.45	0.81
	10	50	20	65	83	1.8	11,967.21	2.34	2.41
Cr	5	50	10	58	107	9.8	21,381.58	2.58	0.47
	20	50	10	0.5	4.5	0.08	6907.89	2.09	111.11
	10	25	10	47	61	1.4	8717.11	2.42	1.64
	10	100	10	3	19	1.6	7236.84	2.30	5.26
	10	50	5	12	32	2	7540.98	2.13	1.56
	10	50	20	36	58	2.2	15,714.29	2.59	3.45