Table 1.
Baseline biological and clinical characteristics of the New Mexico HEAL study by ethnicity.
| Hispanic (N = 96) | Non-Hispanic White (N = 301) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | Mean ± SD | N | % | Mean ± SD | p-value# | |
| Characteristic | |||||||
| Age | 96 | 54.83 ± 11.77 | 301 | 60.07 ± 12.44 | <0.01 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 95 | 27.21 ± 5.83 | 298 | 25.68 ± 5.36 | <0.01 | ||
| Education | <0.01 | ||||||
| 8th grade or less | 5 | 5.21 | 5 | 1.66 | |||
| Some high school | 6 | 6.25 | 6 | 1.99 | |||
| High school grad | 37 | 38.54 | 66 | 21.93 | |||
| Some college/tech | 30 | 31.25 | 90 | 29.9 | |||
| College graduate | 9 | 9.38 | 63 | 20.93 | |||
| Graduate school | 9 | 9.38 | 71 | 23.59 | |||
| Tamoxifen use | 0.12 | ||||||
| No | 57 | 59.38 | 162 | 53.82 | |||
| Yes | 37 | 38.54 | 138 | 45.85 | |||
| Don’t know | 2 | 2.08 | 1 | 0.33 | |||
| Fructosamine (μmol/L) | 0.69 | ||||||
| ≤233 μmol/L | 55 | 57.29 | 148 | 49.17 | |||
| >233 μmol/L | 41 | 42.71 | 153 | 50.83 | |||
| 235.70 ± 41.12 | 237.24 ± 30.37 | ||||||
| Diabetes | 0.20 | ||||||
| No | 85 | 0.8854 | 279 | 0.9269 | |||
| Yes | 11 | 0.1146 | 22 | 0.0731 | |||
| Cancer Stage | 0.61 | ||||||
| Localized only | 71 | 73.96 | 234 | 77.74 | |||
| Regional, NOS | 25 | 26.04 | 66 | 21.93 | |||
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.33 | |||
| Treatment | 0.047 | ||||||
| Any chemotherapy | 36 | 37.5 | 80 | 26.58 | |||
| Surgery and radiation | 31 | 32.29 | 137 | 45.51 | |||
| Surgery only | 29 | 30.21 | 84 | 27.91 | |||
| Physical activity (MET-h/week)¶ | |||||||
| Total | 96 | 52.24 ± 38.18 | 301 | 46.05 ± 36.97 | 0.16 | ||
| Moderate to vigorous | 96 | 7.02 ± 12.24 | 301 | 9.20 ± 16.06 | 0.22 | ||
| Vigorous | 96 | 1.79 ± 8.10 | 301 | 2.91 ± 8.95 | 0.27 | ||
| Household | 96 | 42.03 ± 37.64 | 301 | 33.90 ± 31.90 | 0.04 | ||
| Recreational | 96 | 7.34 ± 12.36 | 301 | 9.59 ± 16.45 | 0.22 | ||
¶Physical activities reported during the past month (approximately 5 months post-breast cancer diagnosis) were categorized with different methods. By type, physical activities were categorized as household and recreational. By intensity, physical activities were categorized as moderate to vigorous (activities equivalent to >3 METs) and vigorous (activities equivalent to >6METs).
#p values were calculated to compare across ethnic groups. For continuous variables including age, BMI, fructosamine level, and physical activity levels, the t-test was applied; for categorical variables including education, tamoxifen use, diabetes, cancer stage and treatment, the χ2 test was applied.