MS	Multiple sclerosis
CNS	central nervous system
PBMCs	peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Nox2	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2
BDNF	brain-derived neurotrophic factor
IFN-β	interferon-β
sIFNAR2	soluble isoform of the IFN-β receptor
IFNγ-DC-Exos	interferon gamma-stimulated dendritic cell exosomes
GSH	glutathione
DMF	dimethyl fumarate
Cp:Tf	hydroperoxides ceruloplasmin transferrin ratio
H3K9me2	histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation
RGC-32	response gene to complement-32
SIRT1	a NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1
NF-L	neurofilament light
NF-H	neurofilament heavy
CHI3L1	chitinase 3-like-1
IgM	immunoglobulin M
LPA	lysophosphatidic acid
TAS	total antioxidant status
NPSLE	neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Ab	antibody
ECA	anti-endothelial cell antibodies
anti-U1RNP	anti-U1 ribonucleoprotein (RNP)
BDNF	brain-derived neurotrophic factor
CSF-1R	colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor
APS	antiphospholipid syndrome
APL	antiphospholipid
b2GPI	beta-2-glycoprotein I
ACL	anti-cardiolipin
LAC	lupus anticoagulant
NBD	neuro-Behçet’s disease
IFN-α	interferon alpha
TNF	tumor necrosis factor
MEFV	Mediterranean fever
DEFA1B	defensin alpha 1B
NLRP3	NOD-like receptor protein 3
PACNS	primary angiitis of the CNS
MMF	mycophenolate mofetil
PAN	polyarteritis nodosa
ESR	erythrocyte sedimentation rate
MMP-3	matrix metalloproteinase-3
LAMP-2	lysosomal-associated membrane protein-2
AAV	anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis
ANCA	anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
ADEM	acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
CSF	cerebrospinal fluid
MOG	myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
MBP	myelin basic protein
MOBP	myelin-associated oligodendrocyte basic protein
NMO	neuromyelitis optica
anti-AQP4	anti-aquaporin 4
IL-6	interleukin-6
CLIPPERS	chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids
MOG-EM	myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG-associated encephalomyelitis
HAM	HTLV-1 associated myelopathy
TSP	tropical spastic paraparesis
FTA-ABS	fluorescent treponemal antibody study
CGRP	calcitonin gene-related peptide
CADASIL	cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy
vWF	Von Willebrand factor
EPCs	endothelial progenitor cells
CPCs	circulating progenitor cells
LHON	Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy
MELAS	mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes
LA	lactic acid
CK	creatine kinase
NO	nitric oxide
NAA	N-acetyl-L-aspartate
t-Cho	total choline
anti-MOG	anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
MLD	metachromatic leukodystrophy
KL	Krabbe’s leukoencephalopathy
MSD	multiple sulfatase deficiency
SUMF1	sulfatase modifying factor 1
FGE	formylglycine-generating enzyme
GAG	glycosaminoglycan
AxD	Alexander disease
GFAP	glial fibrillary acidic protein
ALD	adrenoleukodystrophy
VLCFAs	very-long-chain fatty acids
C26:0-lyso-PC	C26:0 lysophosphatidylcholine
PMD	Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease
PLP1	Proteolipid protein 1
tNAA	total N-acetyl-L-aspartate
Cr	creatine
Min	myo-inositol
Cho	choline
AIFA	anti-intrinsic factor antibodies
APCA	anti-parietal cell antibodies