Table 2.
Concomitant anomalies in complicated PRUV cases
| Body System | Type of malformation | Number of cases |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular | 41 | |
| Ventricular septal defect | 10 | |
| Persistent left superior vena cava | 9 | |
| Single ventricle | 7 | |
| Complete atrioventricular canal defect | 6 | |
| Common arterial trunk | 6 | |
| Transposition of the great arteries | 6 | |
| Right-sided aortic arch | 4 | |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | 4 | |
| Pulmonary artery stenosis | 3 | |
| Aberrant left subclavian artery | 2 | |
| Dextroversion of heart | 2 | |
| Double outlet right ventricle | 1 | |
| Right heart enlargement, tricuspid valve regurgitation | 1 | |
| Dextrocardia | 1 | |
| Interrupted aortic arch | 1 | |
| Hypoplastic left heart | 1 | |
| Atrial septal defect | 1 | |
| Pulmonary artery valve stenosis | 1 | |
| Total anomalous pulmonary venous return | 1 | |
| Nervous system | 20 | |
| Spina bifida | 5 | |
| Choroid plexus cyst | 5 | |
| Hydrocephalus | 3 | |
| Cerebellar vermis agenesis, incomplete development | 2 | |
| Vein of Galen malformation | 2 | |
| Posterior fossa effusion | 1 | |
| Lateral ventricular dilatation | 1 | |
| Bilateral ependymal cyst | 1 | |
| Bilateral lateral intraventricular hemorrhage | 1 | |
| Agenesis of the corpus callosum | 1 | |
| Anencephaly | 1 | |
| Urinary system | 17 | |
| Unilateral or bilateral hydronephrosis | 5 | |
| Unilateral duplex kidney or double pelvis | 3 | |
| Unilateral or bilateral renal agenesis | 3 | |
| Unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney | 3 | |
| Right renal hypoplasia | 1 | |
| Ectopic kidney in right pelvic cavity | 1 | |
| Right renal cyst | 1 | |
| Ureterocele | 1 | |
| Bilateral renal echo enhancement | 1 | |
| Skeletal system | 17 | |
| Shortened limbs | 8 | |
| Unilateral or bilateral club hand | 5 | |
| Bilateral clubfoot | 2 | |
| Unilateral shortened ulna and radius | 2 | |
| Agenesis of right upper arm and forearm (right hand directly connected to shoulder joint) | 1 | |
| Hemivertebrae | 1 | |
| Butterfly vertebrae | 1 | |
| Digestive system | 5 | |
| Stenosis or atresia of small bowel | 2 | |
| Esophageal atresia | 2 | |
| Intestinal duplication | 1 | |
| Respiratory system | 4 | |
| Pulmonary cystic adenomatoid malformation | 1 | |
| Pulmonary sequestration | 1 | |
| Left lung agenesis | 1 | |
| Left lung dysplasia | 1 | |
| Other anomalies | 29 | |
| Diaphragmatic hernia | 5 | |
| Cleft lip and palate | 3 | |
| Choledochal cyst | 3 | |
| Ovarian cyst | 3 | |
| Intestinal echo enhancement | 3 | |
| Fetal intraabdominal umbilical vein varix | 2 | |
| IUGR | 2 | |
| Umbilical cord cyst | 2 | |
| Intrauterine fetal death | 1 | |
| Mandibular hypoplasia | 1 | |
| Cystic teratoma in abdominal cavity | 1 | |
| Orbital hypertelorism | 1 | |
| Short umbilical cord | 1 | |
| Acromphalus | 1 | |
| Hepatic cyst | 1 | |
| Multiple echo enhancement foci in gallbladder | 1 | |
| Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation | 1 |
Some cases had multiple concomitant malformations