Table 3.
ICDs negative | ICDs positive | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of subjects | 535 | 78 | – | |
Family history PD | N | 145 (27.1) | 25 (32.05) | 0.43 |
Age at onset | Age (mean ± SD) | 58.42 ± 9.43 | 54.28 ± 9.88 | < 0.001 |
Disease progression time | Years (mean ± SD) | 5.42 ± 4.51 | 6.25 ± 3.87 | 0.008 |
UPDRS score (mean ± SD) | II OFF | 2.66 ± 1.79 | 3.34 ± 2.27 | 0.009* |
II ON | 1.69 ± 1.80 | 1.79 ± 1.99 | 0.72* | |
III OFF | 22.4 ± 10.97 | 24.52 ± 12.75 | 0.22* | |
III ON | 16.18 ± 8.27 | 15.86 ± 7.74 | 0.98* | |
IV | 1.91 ± 2.37 | 2.48 ± 2.42 | 0.19* | |
Phenotype (undetermined/PIGD/Tremor) | N | 80/205/248 | 17/33/28 | 0.13 |
Dominant hemibody | N | 30/1/149/89/166/100 | 2/0/24/14/24/14 | 0.82 |
Motor fluctuations | N (%) | 169 (31.56) | 29 (37.18) | 0.75* |
Dyskinesias | N (%) | 92 (17.19) | 14 (17.95) | 0.68* |
NMSS | Score (mean ± SD) | 41.33 ± 33.77 | 60.37 ± 42.48 | < 0.001* |
PDSS | Score (mean ± SD) | 116.83 ± 25.63 | 102.58 ± 25.84 | < 0.001* |
REM sleep behaviour disorder | N (%) | 198 (37) | 35 (44.87) | 0.19 |
BECK (depression yes) | N (%) | 262 (48.97) | 51 (65.38) | 0.004* |
BECK score | (mean ± SD) | 8.24 ± 7.02 | 12.46 ± 8.51 | < 0.001* |
BECK-depression inventory | Score (mean ± SD) | 8.25 ± 7.02 | 12.47 ± 8.51 | < 0.001* |
Subclinic/minor/major | 79/89/94 | 19/16/16 | 0.38 | |
No depression vs subclinic | 273/79 | 27/19 | 0.007* | |
No depression vs minor | 273/89 | 27/16 | 0.02* | |
No depression versus major | 273/94 | 27/16 | 0.11* | |
FOG | Score (mean ± SD) | 3.38 ± 4.23 | 5.73 ± 5.73 | < 0.001* |
MMSE | Score (mean ± SD) | 29.21 ± 1 | 29.15 ± 1.1 | 0.22* |
PD-CRS | Score (mean ± SD) | 91.64 ± 15.67 | 92.56 ± 17.44 | 0.36* |
Non CI/MCI/dementia | 374/151/3 | 55/22/1 | 0.76* | |
Fronto-subcortical | 63.74 ± 14.39 | 64.93 ± 15.88 | 0.49* | |
Posterior cortical | 27.89 ± 2.99 | 27.63 ± 2.89 | 0.16* | |
NPI (severity × frequency) | Score (mean ± SD) | 5.48 ± 7.32 | 8.6 ± 10.28 | 0.005* |
PDQ-39 | Score (mean ± SD) | 15.64 ± 12.36 | 23.38 ± 14.93 | < 0.001* |
WHOQOL-8 | Score (mean ± SD) | 7.33 ± 1.58 | 6.97 ± 1.61 | 0.11 |
Results for univariate test:chi-square test, t test or Wilconxon test.
Significant p values are in bold.
ICDs impulse control disorders, FOG Freezing of Gait Scale, UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, N number of subjects, NMSS Non Motor Symptoms Scale, NPI Neuropsychiatry Inventory, PD Parkinson’s disease, PD-CRS Parkinson’s Disease Cognitive Rating Scale, PDQ-39 39 items Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire, PDSS Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale, REM rapid eye movements, SD standart deviation, WHOQOL-8 8 items World Health Organization Quality of Life.
*Results for multivariate analysis: multivariate linear regression or multivariate logistic regression adjusted by age, age at onset and years of disease evolution.