Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population at baseline
(Numbers and percentages; mean values and standard deviations; medians and interquartile ranges (IQR))
| Total population (n 200) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | ||
| Sex | |||
| Female | 125 | 62·5 | |
| Male | 75 | 37·5 | |
| Age (years) | |||
| Mean | 81·4 | ||
| sd | 6·6 | ||
| Height (m) | |||
| Mean | 1·66 | ||
| sd | 0·08 | ||
| Actual body weight (kg) | |||
| Mean | 73·2 | ||
| sd | 17·9 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| Mean | 26·5 | ||
| sd | 6·5 | ||
| MNA-SF | |||
| Median | 9 | ||
| IQR | 7–10 | ||
| Normal nutritional status | 17 | 9·0 | |
| At risk of malnutrition | 119 | 60·0 | |
| Malnourished | 61 | 31·0 | |
| Barthel index on admission | |||
| Median | 45 | ||
| IQR | 35–55 | ||
| FRAIL simple scale score | |||
| Median | 4 | ||
| IQR | 3–4 | ||
| SARC-F scores | |||
| Median | 6 | ||
| IQR | 4–8 | ||
| Cognitive function (MoCA) | |||
| Median | 20 | ||
| IQR | 16–23 | ||
| Depression score (DIA-S) | |||
| Median | 3 | ||
| IQR | 1–5 | ||
| Charlson comorbidity index | |||
| Median | 3 | ||
| IQR | 2–4 | ||
| Infection on admission | |||
| Yes | 31 | 15·5 | |
| No | 169 | 84·5 | |
| Chronic inflammatory diseases | |||
| Yes | 21 | 11·0 | |
| No | 166 | 89·0 | |
MNA-SF, Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (normal nutritional status 12–14 points, at risk of malnutrition 8–11 points and malnourished 0–7 points); FRAIL simple scale (not frail with score 0, pre-frail with scores of 1–2 and frail with scores of 3–5); SARC-F scores (high risk of sarcopenia with score ≥4); MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (scores <26 considered as cognitively impaired); DIA-S scores, Depression in Old Age Scale (no depressive symptom with 0–2 points, suspected depression 3 point and probable depression 4–10 points).