Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion	Exclusion
1.  ≥ 20 years of age	1. Patients using an SGLT2 inhibitor at the time of the eligibility test
2. ICD or CRT-D implantation surgery > 24 weeks before eligibility test	2. Patients who received an SGLT2 inhibitor within 24 weeks before the eligibility test
3. T2DM with HbA1c ≥ 6.5 to ≤ 10%	3. Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to EMPA
4. Signed, written informed consent to participate in the study	4. Patients with a history of diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic coma, or hypoglycemic episodes
	5. Patients with severe infections, upcoming surgery, or seriously injured at the time of eligibility tests
	6. Type 1 diabetes
	7. New York Heart Association Class IV heart failure
	8. Severe renal dysfunction (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or dialysis)
	9. Serious hepatic function disorder (aspartate transaminase or alanine transaminase > 3 times higher than the institutional standards)
	10. Pituitary or adrenal insufficiency
	11. Malnutrition or fasting condition
	12. History of excessive alcohol intake
	13. Gastrointestinal disorder such as diarrhea or vomiting
	14. Urinary tract or genital infection
	15. Pregnant or suspected pregnancy
	16. Body mass index ≤ 18.5 kg/m2
	17. Patients with the following events within 24 weeks before the eligibility test: alteration of antiarrhythmic drug; catheter ablation for ventricular arrhythmia; coronary revascularization; open-heart surgery; development of coronary artery disease, stroke or transient ischemic stroke; seizure; infection requiring hospitalization, or cardiac failure requiring hospitalization
	18. ICD unable to record NSVT
	19. Non-remitted malignant tumor