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. 2020 Sep 15;37(11):4519–4537. doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01499-4

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© The Author(s) 2020

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Fig. 2 — Skin MC degranulation, assessed by toluidine blue and/or tryptase immunostaining, is increased in patients with DM and is associated with inflammation. a Representative images of toluidine blue-stained MCs in forearm skin (top panel) and of tryptase-immunostained MCs in foot skin specimens (bottom panel) from subjects with and without DM (scale bar 10 µm). Black arrows show non-degranulated MCs and red arrows show degranulated MCs. Degranulated MCs were in proximity to inflammatory cells (blue arrows). b The total number and c percentage of degranulated MCs stained with toluidine blue were increased in forearm skin specimens from subjects with DM. d MC degranulation was also increased in foot skin specimens from subjects with DM stained with tryptase, while e the total number of MC was not different. *p < 0.05. f–h A positive correlation was observed between degranulated MCs and the f dermis inflammatory cells, the serum levels of g IL-6 and h TNFα. (Ref. [77])