Table2.

Review of published cases with cervical and thoracic spine DSTs; surgical findings and outcome

Cervical cases	Authors and year	Treatment	Associated lesion	Cause of tethering	Neurological status at final f/u	Final f/u
1	Mixter 1932	surgery	no	NA	NA	NA
2	Sachs 1949	surgery	dermoid	dermoid	arm and leg improved gait became stable	6 months
3	Eller 1987	surgery	no	fibrous band	leg improved arm unchanged	NA
4	Wu 1990	surgery	lipoma, neurenteric cyst	lipoma, neurenteric cyst	died of enlarging of cavitation and gliosis in spinal cord	18 months
5	Wu 1990	surgery	no	fibrous band	weak. and numb.resolved	6 months
6	Ackerman 2002	surgery	no	fibrous band	myelopathy improved	2 months
7	Ackerman 2002	surgery	no	NA	neck pain disappeared, myelopathy improved	7 months
8	Dagcinar 2008	surgery	no	fibrous band	neck pain disappeared	12 months
9	Coumans 2011	surgery	no	fibrous band	arm numb.improved	NA
10	present case 1 2019	surgery	no	fibrous band	H/A, hand clumsiness, arm weak. improved	2 months
Thoracic cases	Authors and year	Treatment	Associated lesion	Cause of tethering	Neurological status at final f/u	Final f/u
11	Ottonello 1933	surgery	dermoid	dermoid	NA	NA
12	List 1941	surgery	dermoid	dermoid	NA	NA
13	Tytus 1956	surgery	dermoid	dermoid	NA	NA
14	Aydin 2001	surgery	epidermoid tumor	epidermoid tumor	NA	NA
15	Manfredi 2001	refused surgery	lipomyeloschisis	lipomyeloschisis	NA	NA
16	Ackerman 2002	surgery	neurenteric cyst split cord malformation	split cord malformation	pain, arm and leg improved	10 months
17	Kara 2003	surgery	menigocele	not mentioned	H/A, arm numb, spasm improved	6 months
18	present case 2 2019	surgery	no	fibrous band	neck pain disappeared	8 months

Abbreviations: R = right, L = left, numb. = numbness, weak. = weakness, NA = not available, f/u = follow up