Table 2.
Differences in household costs across caregiver characteristics.
| Characteristic | n | Direct costs |
Indirect costs |
Total costs |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SE | p-valueB | Mean | SE | p-valueB | Mean | SE | p-valueB | ||
| Age group | ||||||||||
| < 6 months | 13 | $15.43 | $4.50 | 0.015 | $11.04 | $3.64 | 0.195C | $26.46 | $7.26 | 0.019C |
| 6–11 months | 42 | $29.88 | $2.93 | $31.29 | $7.29 | $61.17 | $8.75 | |||
| 12–24 months | 49 | $20.44 | $2.29 | $18.53 | $3.08 | $38.97 | $4.29 | |||
| > 24 months | 47 | $20.59 | $2.36 | $22.98 | $4.61 | $43.57 | $5.15 | |||
| Gender (child) | ||||||||||
| Female | 70 | $22.57 | $2.21 | 0.454 | $21.03 | $3.31 | 0.617C | $43.59 | $4.01 | 0.731C |
| Male | 77 | $23.45 | $1.93 | $25.38 | $4.55 | $48.83 | $5.66 | |||
| Gender (caregiver) | ||||||||||
| Female | 142 | $22.30 | $1.43 | 0.256 | $23.67 | $2.95 | 0.835C | $45.97 | $3.61 | 0.817 |
| Male | 9 | $32.26 | $8.29 | $14.03 | $3.24 | $46.29 | $9.10 | |||
| Study area | ||||||||||
| Gulu | 1 | $8.85 | . | 0.000C | $121.30 | . | 0.000C | $130.15 | #VALUE! | 0.000C |
| Jinja | 85 | $26.37 | $1.60 | $26.66 | $3.82 | $53.03 | $4.61 | |||
| Mbarara | 5 | $24.44 | $14.61 | $30.24 | $26.18 | $54.68 | $30.43 | |||
| Wakiso | 60 | $17.64 | $2.43 | $15.29 | $3.31 | $32.93 | $4.46 | |||
| Residence | ||||||||||
| Rural | 74 | $26.02 | $2.03 | 0.080 | $22.52 | $3.65 | 0.904 | $48.53 | $4.52 | 0.828 |
| Semi-urban | 18 | $22.68 | $5.05 | $26.76 | $10.55 | $49.44 | $11.31 | |||
| Urban | 59 | $19.27 | $2.11 | $22.91 | $4.58 | $42.18 | $5.82 | |||
| Type of visit | ||||||||||
| Inpatient | 122 | $25.60 | $1.47 | 0.000 | $27.44 | $3.25 | 0.000C | $53.04 | $3.81 | 0.000C |
| Outpatient | 29 | $10.05 | $3.34 | $2.95 | $0.55 | $13.00 | $3.53 | |||
| Sector | ||||||||||
| Public | 101 | $18.66 | $1.43 | 0.000 | $20.14 | $2.81 | 0.373C | $38.80 | $3.53 | 0.002C |
| Private for-profit | 11 | $42.86 | $5.43 | $38.76 | $24.41 | $81.63 | $27.62 | |||
| Private not-for-profit | 39 | $28.62 | $3.14 | $26.90 | $5.29 | $55.52 | $6.03 | |||
| Length of stay (IPD)A | ||||||||||
| < 3 days | 103 | $21.46 | $1.95 | 0.019C | $22.28 | $5.38 | 0.207 | $43.74 | $6.68 | 0.044C |
| >= 3 days | 18 | $28.19 | $2.00 | $30.86 | $4.11 | $59.05 | $4.54 | |||
| Asset quintiles | ||||||||||
| Poorest | 31 | $29.83 | $2.88 | 0.028 | $20.20 | $4.53 | 0.958C | $50.04 | $5.29 | 0.309C |
| 2nd | 30 | $18.75 | $3.27 | $27.88 | $7.71 | $46.63 | $9.38 | |||
| 3rd | 30 | $16.86 | $2.37 | $22.91 | $5.95 | $39.77 | $6.68 | |||
| 4th | 30 | $22.78 | $2.88 | $18.98 | $2.90 | $41.76 | $5.05 | |||
| Richest | 30 | $25.32 | $3.96 | $25.84 | $8.75 | $51.16 | $10.95 | |||
Notes: SE, Standard Error; n, number of caregivers.
A
Length of stay includes only hospitalized cases of measles (n = 121 + 1 with missing length of stay).
B
Based on one-way ANOVA (age group, study area and asset quintile) and independent t-test for the others.
C
Based on Kruskal-Wallis rank test.