Table 3.
Sociodemographic and clinical features of the progression and remission groups (N = 50)
| Progression (n = 15) | Remission (n = 35) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic features | |||
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Female | 12 (80) | 15 (42.9) | 0.12 |
| Male | 3 (20) | 20 (57.1) | |
| Age, years (median [range]) | 24 (44) | 35 (41) | 0.06 |
| Family history, n (%) | |||
| AA | 3 (20) | 10 (28.6) | 0.53 |
| Atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and urticaria | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 0.33 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (53.3) | 0 (0) | 0.53 |
| Systemic arterial hypertension | 7 (46.7) | 0 (0) | 0.76 |
| Thyroid disease | 2 (13.3) | 0 (0) | 0.93 |
| Autoimmune diseasesa | 4 (26.6) | 3 (8.5) | 0.61 |
| Personal history, n (%) | |||
| Vitiligo | 0 (0) | 3 (8.6) | 0.24 |
| Atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and urticaria | 3 (20) | 3 (8.6) | 0.26 |
| Thyroid disease | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 0.12 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| Systemic arterial hypertension | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1 (6.7) | 4 (11.4) | 0.61 |
| Autoimmune diseasesa | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 0.12 |
| Smoking, n (%) | |||
| Active | 3 (20) | 9 (25.7) | 0.67 |
| Inactive | 2 (13.3) | 6 (17.1) | 0.73 |
| Alcoholism | 5 (33.3) | 16 (45.7) | 0.42 |
| Clinical features | |||
| Disease duration, years (median [range]) | 2 (23) | 1 (27) | 0.29 |
| Age at disease onset, years (mean±SD) | 16.4±13.2 | 28.1±13.8 | 0.01 |
| Initial SALT score (median [range]) | 18 (91) | 4 (15) | <0.01 |
| Body score, n (%) | <0.01 | ||
| B0 | 7 (46.73) | 33 (94.3) | 0.25 |
| B1 | 8 (53.3) | 2 (5.7) | |
| B2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Nail score, n (%) | |||
| N0 | 12 (80) | 32 (91.4) | |
| N1 | 3 (20) | 3 (8.6) | |
| N1a | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Final SALT score (median [range]) | 20.5 (96) | 0 (0) | <0.01 |
| Body score, n (%) | <0.01 | ||
| B0 | 7 (46.73) | 33 (94.3) | 0.01 |
| B1 | 8 (53.3) | 2 (5.7) | |
| B2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Nail score, n (%) | |||
| N0 | 10 (66.7) | 32 (91.4) | |
| N1 | 5 (33.3) | 3 (8.6) | |
| N1a | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Episodes, n (%) | |||
| 1 episode | 11 (73.3) | 27 (43.3) | 0.80 |
| 2 episodes | 3 (20) | 5 (15.4) | |
| 3 episodes | 0 (0) | 2 (14.3) | |
| ≥4 episodes | 1 (6.7) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Type of AA, n (%) | |||
| Patchy | 12 (80) | 35 (100) | <0.01 |
| Ophiasis | 2 (13.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Totalis | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | |
| Universalis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Ungueal involvement, n (%) | 5 (33.3) | 3 (8.6) | 0.03 |
| Body hair involvement, n (%) | 8 (53.3) | 2 (5.7) | <0.01 |
| Treatment, n (%) | |||
| Topical steroid | 9 (69.2) | 24 (72.7) | 0.81 |
| Intralesional steroid | 7 (53.8) | 6 (17.6) | 0.03 |
| Systemic steroid | 5 (38.5) | 2 (5.9) | <0.01 |
| Topical psoralen | 5 (38.5) | 4 (11.8) | 0.04 |
| Topical retinoid | 1 (7.7) | 1 (2.9) | 0.53 |
| Phototherapy | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.1 |
| Adherence to treatment, n (%) | |||
| 100% | 5 (33.3) | 21 (60) | 0.02 |
| 90% | 4 (26.6) | 10 (28.5) | |
| 89–60% | 4 (26.6) | 3 (8.5) | |
| 59–30% | 1 (6.6) | 0 (0) | |
| 29–10% | 0 (0) | 1 (2.8) | |
| <10% | 1 (6.6) | 0 (0) | |
a
Psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, bullous diseases, and vasculitis.